How to Identify Burbot

To identify Burbot (Lota lota), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

eel-like

Coloration

Highly variable, typically mottled or marbled patterns of dark brown, olive green, or black on a lighter yellowish-brown or cream background. The belly is usually pale. Coloration provides excellent camouflage against the substrate.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Single, prominent barbel on the chin, Two dorsal fins (the first short, the second very long), Long anal fin, Small, embedded scales, giving a smooth, slimy appearance, Large mouth with numerous small, sharp teeth, Pelvic fins located anterior to the pectoral fins (jugular position)

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first is short with 9-16 rays, the second is very long, extending almost to the caudal fin, with 60-79 rays.

Tail fin

Rounded or slightly emarginate caudal fin, confluent with the long dorsal and anal fins in appearance.

Pectoral fin

Broad and rounded, positioned laterally.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are jugular (located anterior to the pectoral fins) and filamentous, with 5-8 rays.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Chin Barbel

   The most definitive feature is the single, prominent barbel located centrally on the chin. No other freshwater fish in its range has this characteristic.

2. 2

   Body Shape

   Its elongated, snake-like body, tapering towards the tail, is distinct from most other freshwater fish.

3. 3

   Fin Placement

   The jugular pelvic fins (located under the chin, anterior to the pectoral fins) are a key cod family characteristic and unique among freshwater species.

4. 4

   Dorsal and Anal Fins

   The very long second dorsal fin and equally long anal fin, almost meeting the caudal fin, are highly characteristic.

5. 5

   Skin Texture

   Despite having scales, they are very small and embedded, giving the fish a smooth, slimy feel, unlike most scaled freshwater fish.

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