How to Identify Mediterranean horse mackerel

To identify Mediterranean horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Dorsal side is typically bluish-green to grey, fading to silvery-white on the flanks and belly. A distinct black spot is present on the upper margin of the operculum. Fins are generally dusky or hyaline.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Elongated, fusiform body, moderately compressed., Two dorsal fins, the first spiny, the second soft-rayed., A series of strong, keeled scutes (bony plates) along the entire lateral line, becoming larger and more prominent posteriorly. The number of scutes on the straight part of the lateral line is typically 33-40., A black spot on the upper margin of the operculum., Adipose eyelid well developed, covering most of the eye except for a central slit.

Dorsal fin

First dorsal fin with 8-9 spines; second dorsal fin with 1 spine and 28-33 soft rays. The origin of the second dorsal fin is slightly anterior to the origin of the anal fin.

Tail fin

Deeply forked caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Long and falcate (sickle-shaped), extending beyond the origin of the second dorsal fin.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin with 2 detached spines followed by 1 spine and 24-29 soft rays. Pelvic fins are small and located thoracically.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Lateral Line Scutes

   The most reliable distinguishing feature is the presence of a complete lateral line armed with strong, keeled scutes along its entire length. Count the scutes on the straight part of the lateral line (33-40).

2. 2

   Opercular Spot

   A distinct black spot on the upper margin of the operculum (gill cover) is characteristic.

3. 3

   Pectoral Fin Length

   The long, falcate pectoral fins extending beyond the origin of the second dorsal fin are a good indicator.

4. 4

   Adipose Eyelid

   Well-developed adipose eyelids covering most of the eye, leaving only a central slit, are typical for Trachurus species.

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