How to Identify Red Drum

To identify Red Drum (Sciaenops ocellatus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

The dorsal side is typically coppery-red to reddish-brown, fading to a lighter, often silvery-white, ventral side. The intensity of the red coloration can vary depending on habitat and diet, with fish from clearer, deeper waters often being lighter. Juveniles may exhibit faint vertical bars.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

subterminal

Distinctive features

One prominent black spot, sometimes multiple spots, at the base of the caudal fin (tail). This spot is a key identifying feature., A slightly humped back profile., Large, thick scales., A relatively small mouth compared to its body size, positioned slightly inferiorly.

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first is spiny with 10-11 spines, and the second is soft-rayed with 23-26 rays. The two fins are separated by a deep notch.

Tail fin

Slightly emarginate to truncate caudal fin, often with the characteristic black spot(s) at its base.

Pectoral fin

Moderately sized, rounded pectoral fins.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located beneath the pectoral fins. Anal fin has 2 spines and 8-9 soft rays.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Caudal Spot

   Always look for the distinctive black spot (or spots) at the base of the tail. This is the most reliable identifier for Red Drum.

2. 2

   Coloration

   The coppery-red to reddish-brown dorsal coloration is characteristic, though it can vary. Compare with similar species that may have different hues.

3. 3

   Body Shape

   Its elongated, somewhat robust body with a slightly humped back is a good indicator. The head is relatively large.

4. 4

   Mouth Position

   The subterminal mouth, meaning it's located slightly below the snout, is typical for bottom-feeding sciaenids.

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