How to Identify Walleye

To identify Walleye (Sander vitreus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Olive-green to golden-brown dorsally, fading to white or cream ventrally. Sides often have brassy flecks and several darker, saddle-like blotches or bars. The lower lobe of the caudal fin typically has a distinct white tip.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Large, opaque, 'glassy' eyes (tapetum lucidum) that reflect light, aiding low-light vision., Two distinct dorsal fins: a spiny anterior dorsal fin and a soft-rayed posterior dorsal fin., A prominent dark spot at the base of the last few rays of the spiny dorsal fin., Sharp canine teeth in both jaws., White tip on the lower lobe of the caudal (tail) fin.

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first is spiny (12-16 spines), the second is soft-rayed (18-22 rays). The spiny dorsal fin has a distinct dark blotch at its posterior base.

Tail fin

Forked, with a characteristic white tip on the lower lobe.

Pectoral fin

Relatively small, located low on the body.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located directly below the pectoral fins.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Eyes

   Look for the large, reflective, 'glassy' eyes, which are a key characteristic.

2. 2

   Dorsal Fins

   Observe the two distinct dorsal fins and the prominent dark spot on the posterior base of the spiny dorsal fin.

3. 3

   Tail Fin

   Identify the white tip on the lower lobe of the caudal fin, a reliable distinguishing feature.

4. 4

   Body Shape and Coloration

   Note the elongated, torpedo-shaped body, olive-green to golden-brown back, and lighter belly, often with brassy flecks or faint bars on the sides.

5. 5

   Teeth

   Carefully observe the presence of sharp canine teeth in the jaws (handle with caution).

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