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Notolabrus celidotus, commonly known as the Spotty, is a species of wrasse endemic to the waters of New Zealand. It is a small, robust fish characterized by its variable coloration and a distinctive dark spot on its dorsal fin. This species plays an important ecological role in its rocky reef habitats, primarily as a benthic invertebrate feeder. It exhibits protogynous hermaphroditism, a common reproductive strategy among wrasses.
Physical Characteristics
- Body shape
- compressed
- Coloration
- Highly variable, ranging from greenish-brown to reddish-brown, often mottled or blotched. Juveniles are typically green with a prominent black spot on the dorsal fin. Adults may retain this spot or have it fade. Males often develop brighter colors, especially during breeding season, with blue or red markings.
- Scale type
- cycloid
- Mouth position
- terminal
- Distinctive features
- Prominent black spot on the anterior part of the dorsal fin (especially in juveniles and females)., Thick, fleshy lips., Large, cycloid scales., Terminal mouth with conical teeth.
- Dorsal fin
- Single, long dorsal fin with 9 spines and 11 soft rays. The first few spines are typically shorter.
- Tail fin
- Rounded to slightly truncate caudal fin.
- Pectoral fin
- Large, fan-like pectoral fins.
- Distinctive fins
- Pelvic fins are thoracic, located directly below the pectoral fins.
Identification Tips
Dorsal Fin Spot
Look for the characteristic black spot on the front part of the dorsal fin. While more pronounced in juveniles and females, it is often present to some degree in adults.
Body Coloration
Note the variable body color, which can range from green to brown or reddish, often with mottling that helps them camouflage with their rocky surroundings.
Body Shape
Observe the compressed, oval-shaped body typical of wrasses.
Habitat
If observed in New Zealand's temperate rocky reef environments, it is highly likely to be a Spotty.
Habitat
- Water type
- saltwater
- Depth
- Typically found in shallow coastal waters from the intertidal zone down to about 50 meters (164 feet).
- Environment
- Rocky reefs, kelp forests, seagrass beds, and areas with mixed sand and rubble. They prefer areas with abundant cover for shelter and foraging.
- Geographic range
- Endemic to New Zealand, found throughout the North and South Islands, including Stewart Island and the Chatham Islands.
Aquarium Information
- Care level: intermediate
- Temperament: semi-aggressive
- Diet: carnivore
- Minimum tank size: 200 liters (50 gallons)
- Temperature: 10-20°C (50-68°F)
- pH level: 7.8-8.4
- Hardness: 8-12 dKH
- Compatibility: Can be kept with other robust, temperate marine fish. May be aggressive towards smaller or more docile species, especially conspecifics if not enough space or hiding spots are provided.
- Special requirements: Requires a well-established temperate marine aquarium with plenty of live rock for hiding and foraging. Good filtration and stable water parameters are crucial. May jump, so a secure lid is recommended.
Wild Information
- Conservation status: least concern
- Seasonality: Active year-round, with increased reproductive activity during warmer months (spring and summer).
- Market price: Not typically sold commercially for consumption; occasionally for the aquarium trade.
- Commercial importance: low
- Taste: Mild, slightly sweet
- Texture: Firm, flaky white flesh
- Cooking methods: Pan-fried, Baked, Steamed
- Nutritional value: Good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids.
Key Facts
Sex Changebehavior
Spotty wrasses are protogynous hermaphrodites, meaning they are born female and can change sex to male later in life, typically when they reach a certain size or social dominance.
Cleaning Behaviorbehavior
Juvenile Spotty wrasses are known to act as cleaner fish, removing parasites from larger fish species.
Endemic to New Zealandinteresting
This species is found exclusively in the waters surrounding New Zealand, making it a unique part of the country's marine biodiversity.
Dietary Generalistsbehavior
Spotties have a varied diet, consuming a wide range of benthic invertebrates, including crustaceans, molluscs, and polychaetes, making them important predators in their ecosystem.
Safety Information
Safe- Safety level: safe
- Venomous: No
- Edibility: edible
- Handling notes: Generally safe to handle, but like all fish, care should be taken to avoid fin spines, which can cause minor punctures. Return to water quickly if caught.
Similar Species
Banded Wrasse
Notolabrus fucicola
The Banded Wrasse typically has distinct vertical bands on its body and lacks the prominent dorsal fin spot of the Spotty. It also tends to be larger and more robust.
Scarlet Wrasse
Notolabrus rubrocinctus
The Scarlet Wrasse is characterized by its vibrant red coloration, especially in males, and generally lacks the distinct dorsal fin spot. Its distribution is more restricted to northern New Zealand.
Scientific Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Order
- Labriformes
- Family
- Labridae
- Genus
- Notolabrus
- Species
- celidotus
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