How to Identify Ballan Wrasse

To identify Ballan Wrasse (Labrus bergylta), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

Highly variable. Ground color can be green, brown, reddish-brown, orange, or yellowish, often mottled with lighter or darker spots, blotches, or reticulations. Juveniles are typically greener. Males tend to be more brightly colored, especially during breeding season. The belly is usually lighter.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Thick, fleshy lips, Strong, conical teeth, often visible, Large, prominent eyes, A single, long dorsal fin with spiny and soft rays, Large, rounded caudal fin, Often exhibits a distinct dark spot at the base of the caudal fin in some color morphs.

Dorsal fin

Single, long dorsal fin with 18-21 spines and 9-13 soft rays. The spiny portion is longer than the soft-rayed portion.

Tail fin

Large, rounded caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Large and fan-shaped, typically with 14-16 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located directly below the pectoral fins.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Coloration and Pattern

   Observe the highly variable body coloration and patterns. While diverse, the overall mottled or spotted appearance on a green, brown, or reddish background is characteristic. Look for the often present dark spot at the caudal fin base.

2. 2

   Body Shape and Size

   Note the robust, compressed body and thick lips. Ballan Wrasse can grow quite large, up to 60 cm (24 inches) in length and weigh over 5 kg (11 lbs), making them one of the largest wrasse species in their range.

3. 3

   Fin Structure

   Examine the single, long dorsal fin with its distinct spiny and soft-rayed sections. The rounded caudal fin is also a key feature.

4. 4

   Habitat

   Ballan Wrasse are almost exclusively found in rocky, algal-rich habitats. If encountered in such an environment, it increases the likelihood of it being this species.

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