How to Identify Greenside Darter

To identify Greenside Darter (Etheostoma blennioides), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Overall olive to yellowish-brown dorsally, fading to a lighter ventral surface. The most striking feature is a series of 6-9 dark green, vertical bars or blotches along the sides, often connected by a lateral stripe. Breeding males exhibit vibrant emerald green on the sides, fins (especially the anal and pelvic fins), and sometimes the head. The first dorsal fin has a prominent orange or red band at its base, often bordered by a dark stripe, and a blue-green margin. The second dorsal and caudal fins are typically barred.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

subterminal

Distinctive features

Large, fan-like pectoral fins, Blunt snout with a subterminal mouth, Two dorsal fins, the first spiny and the second soft-rayed, Distinctive green vertical bars on sides (especially in males), Orange/red band at the base of the first dorsal fin

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first with 10-13 spines, the second with 12-15 soft rays. The first dorsal fin is typically lower than the second.

Tail fin

Slightly emarginate to truncate caudal fin, often with vertical barring.

Pectoral fin

Large, fan-shaped pectoral fins with 13-15 rays, positioned low on the body.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin with 2 spines and 7-10 soft rays. Pelvic fins are thoracic, with 1 spine and 5 soft rays.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape and Size

   Look for an elongated, slender body, typically 7-12 cm (3-5 inches) in length. Maximum recorded length is around 15 cm (6 inches).

2. 2

   Coloration and Markings

   The most reliable identifier is the series of 6-9 dark green vertical bars or blotches on the sides. Breeding males will have intense emerald green on their sides and fins, and a prominent orange/red band on the first dorsal fin.

3. 3

   Fins

   Note the two distinct dorsal fins, with the first being spiny and the second soft-rayed. The large, fan-like pectoral fins are also characteristic.

4. 4

   Snout and Mouth

   Observe the blunt snout and subterminal mouth, which is adapted for feeding on benthic invertebrates.

5. 5

   Habitat

   If found in clear, cool, rocky riffles or runs with good current, it's likely a Greenside Darter.

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