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Odpri aplikacijoOpis
Leuciscus idus, commonly known as the Ide or Orfe, is a freshwater fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. It is a medium-sized, elongated fish with a somewhat compressed body. Known for its adaptability, it can be found in a variety of freshwater habitats across Europe and Asia. The species exhibits sexual dimorphism, with males often developing breeding tubercles during the spawning season. While typically silver-grey, ornamental varieties such as the 'Golden Orfe' are popular in ponds.
Fizične značilnosti
- Oblika telesa
- torpedo
- Obarvanost
- Typically silvery-grey on the flanks, darker on the back, and whitish on the belly. Fins are often reddish-orange, especially the caudal and anal fins. Ornamental varieties (Golden Orfe) are bright orange-gold.
- Vrsta lusk
- cycloid
- Položaj ust
- subterminal
- Razpoznavne značilnosti
- Relatively small, downward-pointing mouth, Large scales, Forked caudal fin, Often a slightly humped back in larger specimens
- Hrbtna plavut
- Short, with 3 unbranched and 8-9 branched rays.
- Repna plavut
- Deeply forked, with pointed lobes.
- Prsna plavut
- Relatively short, with 17-18 rays.
- Razpoznavne plavuti
- Anal fin has 3 unbranched and 10-12 branched rays. All fins can have a reddish-orange tint, particularly in mature individuals.
Nasveti za prepoznavanje
Body Shape and Coloration
Look for the elongated, somewhat compressed body. Wild Ide are silvery-grey with darker backs and lighter bellies. Golden Orfe are distinctly orange-gold.
Mouth Position
The mouth is relatively small and subterminal (slightly downward-pointing), distinguishing it from some other cyprinids with terminal mouths.
Fin Coloration
The reddish-orange tint on the caudal and anal fins, especially in mature specimens, is a good indicator.
Scale Size
Possesses relatively large scales, which are noticeable upon closer inspection.
Habitat
- Vrsta vode
- freshwater
- Globina
- Typically found in shallow to moderately deep waters, often near the surface or in mid-water.
- Okolje
- Prefers slow-moving to moderately flowing rivers, large lakes, and ponds with clear, well-oxygenated water and some aquatic vegetation. Tolerant of a range of substrates.
- Geografska razširjenost
- Native to Northern Europe and Asia, from the Rhine basin eastward through Siberia to the Kolyma River. Introduced to other parts of Europe and North America.
Podatki o akvariju
- Stopnja zahtevnosti nege: intermediate
- Temperament: peaceful
- Prehrana: omnivore
- Najmanjša velikost akvarija: 200 gallons (for a small group of juveniles, larger for adults)
- Temperatura: 10-25°C (50-77°F)
- Vrednost pH: 6.0-8.0
- Trdota vode: 5-20 dGH
- Združljivost: Generally compatible with other large, peaceful coldwater fish. Avoid very small fish that could be seen as prey.
- Posebne zahteve: Requires well-oxygenated water, ample swimming space, and a varied diet. Best kept in outdoor ponds due to their size and schooling nature. Good filtration is essential.
Podatki iz narave
- Status ogroženosti: least concern
- Sezonskost: Spawns in spring (March-May) when water temperatures rise. Active year-round, though less so in colder winter months.
- Tržna cena: Low (primarily for ornamental trade or local consumption)
- Komercialni pomen: low
- Okus: Mild, somewhat earthy
- Tekstura: Flaky, but can be bony
- Načini priprave: Frying, Baking, Smoking
- Hranilna vrednost: Good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids.
Ključna dejstva
Ornamental Popularityinteresting
The 'Golden Orfe' is a popular ornamental fish for garden ponds due to its striking coloration and active schooling behavior.
Dietary Flexibilitybehavior
Ide are opportunistic omnivores, feeding on a wide range of invertebrates, small fish, and plant matter, adapting their diet to seasonal availability.
Schooling Behaviorbehavior
These fish are typically found in schools, especially when young, providing safety in numbers and facilitating foraging.
Longevityrecord
In optimal conditions, Ide can live for 15-20 years, making them a long-term commitment for pond keepers.
Varnostne informacije
Varna- Stopnja varnosti: safe
- Strupena: Ne
- Užitnost: edible
- Opombe o ravnanju: No specific handling precautions are required. Handle gently to avoid stress and scale damage. Can be slippery.
Podobne vrste
Chub
Squalius cephalus
Chub typically have a larger, more terminal mouth, a broader head, and generally darker, less reddish fins. Their body is also more robust and less compressed.
Roach
Rutilus rutilus
Roach have red eyes, a more rounded body profile, and typically brighter red fins. Their mouth is also more terminal.
Dace
Leuciscus leuciscus
Dace are generally smaller, more slender, and have a more silvery appearance with less prominent fin coloration. Their scales are also smaller.
Znanstvena klasifikacija
- Kraljestvo
- Animalia
- Deblo
- Chordata
- Razred
- Actinopterygii
- Red
- Cypriniformes
- Družina
- Cyprinidae
- Rod
- Leuciscus
- Vrsta
- L. idus
Raziščite Ide
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