Platy

Popis

Xiphophorus maculatus, commonly known as the Platy, is a small, freshwater fish belonging to the family Poeciliidae. It is highly valued in the aquarium trade due to its vibrant coloration, peaceful temperament, and ease of breeding. Wild forms typically exhibit more subdued colors compared to the numerous selectively bred ornamental varieties. Males are generally smaller and possess a modified anal fin called a gonopodium for internal fertilization.

Fyzické charakteristiky

Tvar tela

compressed

Sfarbenie

Wild-type X. maculatus typically exhibit olive-brown to yellowish bodies with varying patterns of black spots or blotches, often concentrated on the caudal peduncle. Domesticated varieties display an immense array of colors including red, orange, yellow, black, white, and various combinations, often with iridescent scales or distinct fin patterns. Melanistic forms (black) and albino forms are also common.

Typ šupín

cycloid

Poloha úst

superior

Charakteristické znaky

Small, robust body., Males possess a prominent gonopodium (modified anal fin) for reproduction., Often have a 'moon' or 'comet' spot pattern near the caudal fin base in wild forms and some domestic strains., Highly variable coloration and fin shapes in domesticated strains.

Chrbtová plutva

Single dorsal fin, typically with 9-11 rays, positioned centrally on the back.

Chvostová plutva

Caudal fin is typically rounded or slightly truncate in wild forms; some domesticated varieties may have lyre-tails or other modifications.

Prsná plutva

Paired pectoral fins are small and fan-shaped, located just behind the operculum.

Charakteristické plutvy

Anal fin of males is modified into a gonopodium, a rod-like structure used for internal fertilization. Females have a fan-shaped anal fin.

Tipy na identifikáciu

Biotop

Typ vody

freshwater

Hĺbka

Typically found in shallow waters, often less than 1 meter deep.

Prostredie

Inhabits slow-moving rivers, canals, ditches, and warm springs. Prefers areas with dense vegetation, submerged roots, and detritus, which provide cover and food sources. Can tolerate a wide range of water conditions, including slightly brackish water.

Geografický výskyt

Native to Central America, specifically the Atlantic slope of Mexico (from Veracruz to Belize) and Guatemala. Introduced populations exist worldwide due to the aquarium trade.

Informácie o akváriu

• Úroveň náročnosti chovu: beginner
• Temperament: peaceful
• Strava: omnivore
• Minimálna veľkosť akvária: 38 liters (10 gallons)
• Teplota: 20-26°C (68-79°F)
• Hodnota pH: 7.0-8.0
• Tvrdosť vody: 10-25 dGH
• Kompatibilita: Excellent with other peaceful community fish such as mollies, guppies, tetras, and corydoras. Avoid housing with aggressive or fin-nipping species.
• Špeciálne požiadavky: Platies thrive in well-planted aquariums with open swimming spaces. They appreciate stable water conditions and regular partial water changes. As livebearers, they reproduce readily, so be prepared for fry if keeping both sexes. A ratio of 2-3 females per male is recommended to reduce stress on females.

Informácie z voľnej prírody

• Stav ochrany: least concern
• Sezónnosť: Breeds year-round in suitable conditions, with peak activity often influenced by environmental factors like rainfall and food availability in the wild.
• Trhová cena: Low to moderate (for common varieties), higher for rare or specialized strains.
• Komerčný význam: high
• Chuť: Not typically consumed due to small size.
• Textúra: Not typically consumed due to small size.
• Nutričná hodnota: Negligible for human consumption.

Kľúčové fakty

Podobné druhy

Vedecká klasifikácia

Ríša

Animalia

Kmeň

Chordata

Trieda

Actinopterygii

Rad

Cyprinodontiformes

Čeľaď

Poeciliidae

Rod

Xiphophorus

Druh

maculatus

Preskúmajte Platy