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Seriola lalandi, commonly known as the Yellowtail Amberjack or Kingfish, is a large, fast-swimming pelagic predatory fish belonging to the family Carangidae. It is highly prized by commercial and recreational fisheries globally due to its size, fighting ability, and culinary quality. This species is characterized by its streamlined, fusiform body, a distinctive yellow stripe running along its flank, and a prominent yellow caudal fin.
Características físicas
- Formato do corpo
- torpedo
- Coloração
- Dorsal side is typically dark blue to greenish-blue, fading to silvery-white on the ventral side. A distinct iridescent yellow to brassy stripe runs horizontally from the snout through the eye to the caudal peduncle. The caudal fin is bright yellow.
- Tipo de escama
- cycloid
- Posição da boca
- terminal
- Características distintivas
- Prominent yellow lateral stripe, Bright yellow caudal fin, Streamlined, fusiform body adapted for speed, Absence of scutes along the lateral line (distinguishing from some other Carangids)
- Nadadeira dorsal
- Two dorsal fins; the first is short with 7-8 spines, and the second is much longer with 1 spine and 28-33 soft rays. The anterior rays of the second dorsal fin are elevated.
- Nadadeira caudal
- Deeply forked and bright yellow, indicative of a fast-swimming pelagic species.
- Nadadeira peitoral
- Relatively short, falcate (sickle-shaped), and positioned low on the body.
- Nadadeiras características
- Anal fin is similar in shape and size to the second dorsal fin, preceded by 2 detached spines (which may be embedded in larger adults) and followed by 1 spine and 18-22 soft rays. Pelvic fins are well-developed.
Dicas de identificação
Coloration and Stripe
Look for the distinctive iridescent yellow to brassy stripe running horizontally along the flank, from the snout to the caudal peduncle. The caudal fin is bright yellow.
Body Shape
Its torpedo-shaped, streamlined body is characteristic of a fast-swimming pelagic predator.
Dorsal Fins
Two dorsal fins, with the second dorsal fin being significantly longer than the first, and its anterior rays elevated.
Absence of Scutes
Unlike some other Carangids (jacks and trevallies), Seriola lalandi lacks prominent scutes (bony plates) along the lateral line, though it does have small, cycloid scales.
Habitat
- Tipo de água
- saltwater
- Profundidade
- Typically found in depths ranging from the surface down to 200 meters (650 feet), though occasionally deeper. Juveniles often inhabit shallower, inshore waters and around floating objects.
- Ambiente
- Pelagic and semi-pelagic, inhabiting coastal and offshore waters, often associated with rocky reefs, seamounts, offshore islands, and submerged structures. They form schools, especially when young.
- Distribuição geográfica
- Circumglobal in temperate and subtropical waters. Found in the Pacific Ocean (e.g., California, Mexico, Japan, Australia, New Zealand), Atlantic Ocean (e.g., South Africa, Brazil, Tristan da Cunha), and Indian Ocean (e.g., Australia, South Africa).
Informações sobre aquário
- Nível de cuidado: expert
- Temperamento: aggressive
- Alimentação: carnivore
- Tamanho mínimo do aquário: 20000 gallons (for juveniles, adults are not suitable for home aquaria)
- Temperatura: 18-24°C (64-75°F)
- Nível de pH: 8.1-8.4
- Dureza da água: 8-12 dKH
- Compatibilidade: Not suitable for typical home aquaria. In public aquariums, they are housed with other large, fast-swimming pelagic species that can withstand their predatory nature and rapid movements.
- Requisitos especiais: Requires extremely large, open-oceanic-style tanks with strong filtration and water movement. Diet must consist of high-quality, varied marine proteins. Not recommended for private aquarists due to their size, growth rate, and specialized needs.
Informações no ambiente natural
- Estado de conservação: least concern
- Sazonalidade: Seasonal availability varies by region, often peaking during warmer months when they are more active and accessible to fisheries. Spawning aggregations can also influence seasonal catches.
- Preço de mercado: High, varies significantly by region and season, often fetching premium prices for fresh fillets.
- Importância comercial: high
- Sabor: Rich, firm, and slightly sweet with a clean flavor.
- Textura: Firm, flaky, and moist, often described as steak-like.
- Métodos de preparo: Sashimi, Grilling, Baking, Pan-searing, Smoking
- Valor nutricional: Excellent source of lean protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, and various vitamins and minerals (e.g., B12, D, selenium, phosphorus).
Fatos principais
Speed Demonbehavior
Yellowtail Amberjacks are incredibly fast swimmers, capable of bursts of speed to chase down prey. Their streamlined body and powerful caudal fin are perfectly adapted for pelagic hunting.
Global Travelerinteresting
Seriola lalandi has one of the widest distributions among marine fish, found in temperate and subtropical waters across the globe, highlighting its adaptability to various oceanic conditions.
Aquaculture Starinteresting
Due to its high market value and rapid growth rate, S. lalandi is a significant species in marine aquaculture, particularly in countries like Australia, New Zealand, and Japan (where it's known as Hiramasa).
Apex Predatorbehavior
As an apex predator in its ecosystem, the Yellowtail Amberjack plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of marine food webs by preying on smaller fish and cephalopods.
Informações de segurança
Seguro- Nível de segurança: safe
- Venenoso: Não
- Comestibilidade: edible
- Observações de manuseio: No venomous spines. However, due to their large size and powerful movements, caution should be exercised when handling live specimens to avoid injury from thrashing. Their sharp gill plates and fin spines can cause cuts. Always use appropriate handling gear (e.g., gloves, lip grippers) if releasing.
Espécies similares
Greater Amberjack
Seriola dumerili
S. dumerili typically has a darker, less distinct yellow stripe (often more amber or brownish) and a less intensely yellow caudal fin. The body is generally deeper and more robust. The dark band from the snout through the eye to the first dorsal fin is usually more pronounced in S. dumerili, and it often has a more angular head profile.
Almaco Jack
Seriola rivoliana
S. rivoliana has a much deeper body profile, especially in adults, and a more steeply sloped head. Its second dorsal and anal fins are notably taller and more falcate than those of S. lalandi. The yellow stripe is often less distinct or absent in larger specimens, and the caudal fin is typically less vibrant yellow.
California Yellowtail
Seriola dorsalis
Historically considered a subspecies or synonym of S. lalandi, S. dorsalis is now recognized as a distinct species. Morphologically very similar, but genetic analysis differentiates them. Field identification is extremely challenging without genetic testing, though S. dorsalis tends to have a slightly more elongated body and a more pronounced yellow stripe in some populations.
Classificação científica
- Reino
- Animalia
- Filo
- Chordata
- Classe
- Actinopterygii
- Ordem
- Carangiformes
- Família
- Carangidae
- Gênero
- Seriola
- Espécie
- S. lalandi
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