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Sciaena deliciosa, commonly known as Cabinza, is a demersal marine fish belonging to the family Sciaenidae (drums or croakers). It is characterized by its robust body, distinctive head shape, and often silvery-bronze coloration. This species is highly valued in commercial fisheries and is a popular food fish along the Pacific coast of South America.
Características físicas
- Formato do corpo
- elongated
- Coloração
- Generally silvery-grey to bronze on the dorsal side, fading to a lighter, often whitish, ventral surface. Fins can be dusky. Juveniles may exhibit faint vertical bars that fade with age. The operculum often has a dark spot.
- Tipo de escama
- ctenoid
- Posição da boca
- inferior
- Características distintivas
- Robust, slightly compressed body, Large head with a relatively small, inferior mouth, Presence of a single, short barbel on the chin (though sometimes absent or rudimentary in adults), Strongly ctenoid scales covering the body and head, Lateral line distinctly arched anteriorly, then straight to the caudal fin
- Nadadeira dorsal
- Two dorsal fins, deeply notched or separated. The first dorsal fin has 10-11 strong spines; the second dorsal fin has 1 spine and 23-27 soft rays.
- Nadadeira caudal
- Truncate to slightly emarginate caudal fin.
- Nadadeira peitoral
- Pectoral fins are moderately long, typically with 16-18 rays.
- Nadadeiras características
- Anal fin with 2 spines and 7-9 soft rays. Pelvic fins thoracic, with 1 spine and 5 soft rays.
Dicas de identificação
Chin Barbel
Look for a small, often inconspicuous, barbel on the chin. While present, it can be reduced or absent in larger adults, making it less reliable for definitive identification in all cases.
Dorsal Fins
Note the two distinct dorsal fins, with the first being spiny and the second having a single spine followed by numerous soft rays. The deep notch between them is characteristic.
Mouth Position
The mouth is typically inferior (underslung), indicating its bottom-feeding habits. This distinguishes it from some other sciaenids with terminal mouths.
Lateral Line
Observe the lateral line's curvature: it is distinctly arched over the pectoral fin region before straightening towards the tail.
Habitat
- Tipo de água
- saltwater
- Profundidade
- Typically found in shallow coastal waters, from the surf zone down to about 50 meters (164 feet), though occasionally deeper.
- Ambiente
- Prefers sandy or muddy bottoms, often near rocky reefs, estuaries, and coastal embayments. Juveniles are frequently found in shallower, protected areas.
- Distribuição geográfica
- Eastern Pacific Ocean, primarily along the coast of South America, from Peru to Chile. Its distribution extends from approximately 5°S to 42°S latitude.
Informações sobre aquário
- Nível de cuidado: expert
- Temperamento: semi-aggressive
- Alimentação: carnivore
- Tamanho mínimo do aquário: 500 gallons
- Temperatura: 18-24°C (64-75°F)
- Nível de pH: 8.1-8.4
- Dureza da água: 8-12 dKH
- Compatibilidade: Not suitable for typical home aquariums due to its size and specific environmental needs. May be kept in very large public aquariums with other large, robust marine species.
- Requisitos especiais: Requires a very large, well-filtered marine aquarium with ample swimming space and rocky structures for shelter. Diet must consist of fresh, high-quality marine proteins. Not commonly kept in captivity.
Informações no ambiente natural
- Estado de conservação: least concern
- Sazonalidade: Available year-round, but peak catches may vary regionally and seasonally due to reproductive cycles and fishing regulations.
- Preço de mercado: Variable, often high due to demand for its flesh
- Importância comercial: high
- Sabor: Mild, delicate, slightly sweet
- Textura: Firm, flaky, white flesh
- Métodos de preparo: Fried, Baked, Grilled, Ceviche, Steamed
- Valor nutricional: Good source of lean protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, and essential minerals.
Fatos principais
Sound Productionbehavior
Like many members of the Sciaenidae family, Sciaena deliciosa is capable of producing sounds, often described as 'drumming' or 'croaking', by vibrating specialized muscles against their swim bladder. These sounds are used for communication, especially during spawning.
Ecological Roleinteresting
As a demersal predator, Cabinza plays an important role in coastal ecosystems by feeding on benthic invertebrates and small fish, thus influencing the structure of bottom-dwelling communities.
Commercial Importanceinteresting
Sciaena deliciosa is one of the most economically important fish species in Peru and Chile, supporting significant artisanal and industrial fisheries. Its flesh is highly prized in local cuisine.
Taxonomic Historyevolution
The genus Sciaena has undergone several taxonomic revisions. Sciaena deliciosa was originally described by Jenyns in 1842. While its common name 'Corvina' is shared with other sciaenids, its scientific name uniquely identifies this specific species.
Informações de segurança
Seguro- Nível de segurança: safe
- Venenoso: Não
- Comestibilidade: edible
- Observações de manuseio: No specific handling precautions are required beyond standard fish handling practices to avoid fin spines. The dorsal and anal fin spines are sharp but not venomous. Handle with care to prevent punctures.
Espécies similares
Corvina
Cilus gilberti
Cilus gilberti generally has a more elongated body, a larger mouth that is more terminal, and typically lacks the chin barbel found in Sciaena deliciosa. The coloration can also differ, with Cilus gilberti often having a more uniform silvery appearance.
Corvina Negra
Micropogonias altipinnis
Micropogonias altipinnis (also known as 'Coco' or 'Corvina Coco') has a more pronounced, often filamentous, chin barbel and typically possesses several pores on the snout. Its body is generally more compressed and deeper than Sciaena deliciosa.
Corvina Rubia
Umbrina canariensis
Umbrina canariensis (Canary Drum) has a more prominent, thicker chin barbel and often exhibits distinct oblique dark stripes on its flanks, which are absent in Sciaena deliciosa. Its body shape can also be more robust and deeper.
Classificação científica
- Reino
- Animalia
- Filo
- Chordata
- Classe
- Actinopterygii
- Ordem
- Acanthuriformes
- Família
- Sciaenidae
- Gênero
- Sciaena
- Espécie
- Sciaena deliciosa
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