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Lutjanus analis, commonly known as the Mutton Snapper or Dentão, is a highly prized marine fish belonging to the family Lutjanidae. It is characterized by its robust body, distinctive coloration, and large, canine-like teeth, which give it its common Portuguese name 'Dentão' (big tooth). This species is a significant component of commercial and recreational fisheries throughout its range.
Características físicas
- Formato do corpo
- compressed
- Coloração
- Adults typically exhibit an olive-green to reddish-brown dorsal coloration, fading to a silvery-white or reddish-silver on the flanks and belly. A distinctive dark, square-shaped spot is usually present below the anterior soft dorsal fin rays, often fading or becoming indistinct in larger adults. Fins are often reddish. Juveniles may display a more pronounced barred pattern.
- Tipo de escama
- ctenoid
- Posição da boca
- terminal
- Características distintivas
- Large, canine-like teeth in the front of both jaws, A prominent, dark, square-shaped spot below the anterior soft dorsal fin rays (may fade in large adults), Pointed anal fin, Relatively deep body compared to some other snapper species, Maximum reported length up to 94 cm (37 inches) and weight up to 15.6 kg (34.4 lbs), though typically encountered at 40-60 cm.
- Nadadeira dorsal
- Single dorsal fin with 10 spines followed by 13-14 soft rays. The spinous and soft-rayed portions are continuous.
- Nadadeira caudal
- Moderately forked caudal fin, often with pointed lobes.
- Nadadeira peitoral
- Long pectoral fins, reaching to or beyond the anus.
- Nadadeiras características
- Anal fin is pointed, with 3 spines and 8-9 soft rays. Pelvic fins are relatively short.
Dicas de identificação
Body Spot
Look for the dark, square-shaped spot below the anterior soft dorsal fin. While it can fade in very large specimens, it's a key identifier for most sizes.
Anal Fin Shape
The pointed anal fin is a distinguishing characteristic compared to some other snapper species with rounded anal fins.
Coloration
The overall reddish-brown to olive-green dorsal coloration transitioning to silvery-reddish flanks, often with reddish fins, is typical.
Teeth
The prominent canine teeth are a clear indicator, especially when examining the mouth.
Habitat
- Tipo de água
- saltwater
- Profundidade
- Typically found in depths ranging from 10 to 95 meters (33 to 312 feet), but can be found shallower or deeper.
- Ambiente
- Inhabits a variety of benthic habitats including coral reefs, rocky bottoms, seagrass beds, and sandy areas, often near structural features. Juveniles are frequently found in shallow seagrass beds and mangrove areas, while adults prefer deeper reef structures and offshore banks.
- Distribuição geográfica
- Western Atlantic Ocean, from Massachusetts (rarely) and Bermuda south to southeastern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.
Informações sobre aquário
- Nível de cuidado: expert
- Temperamento: semi-aggressive
- Alimentação: carnivore
- Tamanho mínimo do aquário: 1000 gallons (3785 liters)
- Temperatura: 22-28°C (72-82°F)
- Nível de pH: 8.1-8.4
- Dureza da água: 8-12 dKH
- Compatibilidade: Best kept in very large, species-specific aquariums or with other large, robust fish that can tolerate its semi-aggressive nature. Not suitable for typical home aquariums due to its size and predatory habits.
- Requisitos especiais: Requires a very large tank with ample swimming space and strong filtration. Live rock structures for hiding and territory establishment are beneficial. A diet of varied meaty foods is essential.
Informações no ambiente natural
- Estado de conservação: near threatened
- Sazonalidade: Spawning typically occurs during spring and summer months, varying geographically. Fishing regulations often reflect these periods to protect spawning aggregations.
- Preço de mercado: High, varies by region and season
- Importância comercial: high
- Sabor: Excellent, mild, and flaky white meat
- Textura: Firm, moist, and tender
- Métodos de preparo: Grilled, Baked, Fried, Steamed, Sautéed
- Valor nutricional: Good source of lean protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins and minerals.
Fatos principais
Spawning Aggregationsbehavior
Mutton Snapper form large, predictable spawning aggregations, making them vulnerable to overfishing during these periods.
Longevityinteresting
This species can live for over 20 years, with some individuals recorded to be over 30 years old.
Dietary Shiftbehavior
Juveniles primarily feed on small crustaceans and mollusks in seagrass beds, while adults transition to a diet dominated by fish, crabs, and other larger invertebrates on reefs and rocky bottoms.
Migratory Patternsbehavior
Adult Mutton Snapper undertake seasonal migrations, often moving to deeper offshore waters for spawning and then returning to shallower feeding grounds.
Informações de segurança
Manusear com cuidado- Nível de segurança: caution
- Venenoso: Não
- Comestibilidade: edible
- Observações de manuseio: Mutton Snapper possess sharp dorsal and anal fin spines, as well as strong teeth. Care should be taken when handling to avoid punctures or bites. Use gloves and a fish gripper if possible. No known venomous properties.
Espécies similares
Lane Snapper
Lutjanus synagris
Lane Snapper has distinct yellow horizontal stripes and a series of dark vertical bars, along with a less prominent, often rounder, dark spot. Its anal fin is rounded, not pointed, and it generally does not grow as large as the Mutton Snapper.
Gray Snapper
Lutjanus griseus
Gray Snapper typically lacks the prominent dark body spot and has a more uniform gray to reddish-brown coloration. Its anal fin is also rounded, and it often has a more streamlined body shape.
Dog Snapper
Lutjanus jocu
Dog Snapper has a more pointed snout, a prominent white triangular patch below the eye, and often a dark bar through the eye. While it also has large canine teeth, its overall coloration and head markings differ significantly.
Classificação científica
- Reino
- Animalia
- Filo
- Chordata
- Classe
- Actinopterygii
- Ordem
- Perciformes
- Família
- Lutjanidae
- Gênero
- Lutjanus
- Espécie
- Lutjanus analis
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