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Puntius arulius, commonly known as the Arulius Barbeel, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish belonging to the family Cyprinidae. It is a popular aquarium fish due to its attractive coloration and active schooling behavior. The species is characterized by its elongated body, distinctive vertical bars, and notably elongated dorsal fin rays in mature males.
Fysieke kenmerken
- Lichaamsvorm
- elongated
- Kleur
- The body is silvery-gold to brownish-yellow, adorned with three to four prominent vertical black bars. The first bar passes through the eye, the second is below the anterior part of the dorsal fin, the third below the posterior part of the dorsal fin, and a fourth, often less distinct, may be present on the caudal peduncle. Fins are typically hyaline to yellowish, with the dorsal fin often having reddish hues, especially in males. Mature males exhibit greatly elongated, filamentous dorsal fin rays.
- Schubtype
- cycloid
- Positie van de bek
- terminal
- Onderscheidende kenmerken
- Three to four prominent vertical black bars on the body., Greatly elongated dorsal fin rays in mature males., Two pairs of barbels, one rostral and one maxillary, though these can be very small and difficult to observe without close inspection.
- Rugvin
- Typically has 4 unbranched and 8 branched rays. In mature males, the third and fourth unbranched rays and the first branched ray are significantly elongated, forming a distinctive 'sail-like' appearance.
- Staartvin
- Forked, with rounded lobes.
- Borstvin
- Small and rounded.
- Kenmerkende vinnen
- The elongated dorsal fin rays of the male are the most distinctive feature.
Identificatietips
Body Shape and Size
Elongated body, reaching up to 12 cm (4.7 inches) in total length, though typically smaller in aquariums (around 8-10 cm).
Coloration and Markings
Silvery-gold body with 3-4 distinct vertical black bars. The first bar through the eye, the second and third below the dorsal fin, and a potential fourth on the caudal peduncle.
Dorsal Fin
Observe the dorsal fin. In mature males, the anterior rays are significantly elongated, giving it a 'longfin' appearance. This is a key distinguishing feature.
Barbels
Presence of two pairs of small barbels, though these can be difficult to see without close examination.
Habitat
- Watertype
- freshwater
- Diepte
- Typically found in shallow to moderate depths of rivers and streams.
- Omgeving
- Inhabits clear, well-oxygenated rivers and streams with rocky or sandy substrates, often with moderate to strong currents. They are frequently found among submerged vegetation or root systems along the banks.
- Geografisch verspreidingsgebied
- Endemic to the Western Ghats of India, specifically found in the Cauvery River basin and its tributaries in the states of Karnataka and Kerala.
Aquariuminformatie
- Verzorgingsniveau: intermediate
- Temperament: peaceful
- Dieet: omnivore
- Minimale aquariumgrootte: 30 gallons (114 liters)
- Temperatuur: 20-26°C (68-79°F)
- pH-waarde: 6.0-7.5
- Hardheid: 5-19 dGH
- Compatibiliteit: Generally peaceful and can be kept with other similarly sized, non-aggressive community fish. Best kept in groups of 6 or more to reduce stress and encourage natural schooling behavior.
- Speciale vereisten: Requires a well-planted aquarium with open swimming spaces. Good water quality and filtration are essential. Males develop extended dorsal fin rays, which can be a target for fin-nipping if kept with aggressive tankmates.
Informatie uit het wild
- Beschermingsstatus: least concern
- Seizoensgebondenheid: Breeding typically occurs during the monsoon season in its natural habitat, when water levels rise and food is abundant.
- Marktprijs: Low to moderate for aquarium trade specimens.
- Commercieel belang: medium
- Smaak: Not commonly consumed due to small size and bony nature.
- Textuur: Not commonly consumed.
- Voedingswaarde: Not commonly consumed.
Belangrijke feiten
Dorsal Fin Displaybehavior
The elongated dorsal fin rays of the male Arulius Barbeel are a striking feature, particularly during courtship displays, where they are fanned out to attract females.
Schooling Behaviorbehavior
Arulius Barbeels are highly social fish and thrive in groups. Keeping them in schools of six or more individuals reduces stress and encourages their natural schooling behavior, making them more active and vibrant.
Endemic to Western Ghatsinteresting
This species is endemic to the Western Ghats of India, a biodiversity hotspot, highlighting its unique evolutionary history and specific habitat requirements.
Dietary Flexibilitybehavior
As omnivores, Arulius Barbeels have a varied diet in the wild, consuming small invertebrates, algae, and detritus, which contributes to their adaptability in different environments.
Veiligheidsinformatie
Veilig- Veiligheidsniveau: safe
- Giftig: Nee
- Eetbaarheid: not recommended
- Hanteringsnotities: No specific handling precautions are required beyond standard fish handling practices to minimize stress and injury to the fish. They are not venomous and do not possess sharp spines that pose a significant threat.
Vergelijkbare soorten
Denison Barb
Sahyadria denisonii
While also from the Western Ghats and having an elongated body, the Denison Barb has a prominent red stripe along its lateral line and a black stripe below it, lacking the distinct vertical bars of Puntius arulius. It also lacks the elongated dorsal fin rays.
Filament Barb
Dawkinsia filamentosa
Shares the elongated dorsal fin rays in males, but typically has a more compressed body, a distinct black spot on the caudal peduncle, and lacks the prominent vertical bars of P. arulius. Its body coloration is also generally more silvery with less golden hue.
Blackspot Barb
Puntius srilankensis
Similar body shape and general coloration, but P. srilankensis typically has a single prominent black spot on the caudal peduncle and lacks the multiple vertical bars and elongated dorsal fin rays of P. arulius.
Wetenschappelijke classificatie
- Rijk
- Animalia
- Stam
- Chordata
- Klasse
- Actinopterygii
- Orde
- Cypriniformes
- Familie
- Cyprinidae
- Geslacht
- Puntius
- Soort
- arulius
Ontdek Arulius Barbeel
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