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Selar crumenophthalmus, commonly known as the Bigeye Scad or Ikan Selar, is a pelagic schooling fish belonging to the family Carangidae. It is characterized by its large eyes, which are indicative of its nocturnal or crepuscular feeding habits. This species is a commercially important food fish throughout its range, particularly in tropical and subtropical waters.
Ciri-ciri Fizikal
- Bentuk badan
- torpedo
- Warna
- Dorsal side metallic blue-green to greenish-black, fading to silvery-white on the flanks and belly. A distinct black spot is often present on the upper operculum. Fins are hyaline to dusky.
- Jenis sisik
- cycloid
- Kedudukan mulut
- terminal
- Ciri tersendiri
- Very large eyes, with an adipose eyelid covering most of the eye except for a central slit., Lateral line with a long anterior arch and a straight posterior section, fully covered with scutes (bony plates) posteriorly., Two separate dorsal fins., A small, detached finlet often present behind the anal fin.
- Sirip dorsal
- Two dorsal fins; the first with 8 spines, the second with 1 spine and 24-27 soft rays. The posterior rays of the second dorsal fin are often detached as a finlet.
- Sirip ekor
- Deeply forked caudal fin.
- Sirip pektoral
- Long and falcate (sickle-shaped), extending beyond the origin of the second dorsal fin.
- Sirip tersendiri
- Anal fin with 2 detached spines followed by 1 spine and 20-23 soft rays. A small, detached finlet often present behind the anal fin, mirroring the dorsal finlet.
Petua Pengenalan
Eyes
The most prominent feature is the exceptionally large eye, covered by a well-developed adipose eyelid.
Lateral Line
Observe the lateral line; it has a distinct arch anteriorly and a straight posterior section armed with strong scutes.
Finlets
Look for the small, detached finlets behind the second dorsal and anal fins, though these can sometimes be less pronounced.
Coloration
The metallic blue-green dorsal and silvery belly, often with a black spot on the operculum, are characteristic.
Habitat
- Jenis air
- saltwater
- Kedalaman
- Typically found in coastal pelagic waters, from the surface down to about 170 meters (560 feet), though most commonly in the upper 100 meters.
- Persekitaran
- Oceanic and coastal waters, often associated with reefs, islands, and continental shelves. Forms large schools, particularly near the surface at night.
- Julat geografi
- Circumtropical and subtropical. Found in the Atlantic Ocean (from Nova Scotia to Brazil, including the Caribbean and Gulf of Mexico, and off West Africa), the Indian Ocean (East Africa to Australia), and the Pacific Ocean (Japan to Australia, and across to the Americas).
Maklumat Akuarium
- Tahap penjagaan: expert
- Perangai: semi-aggressive
- Diet: carnivore
- Saiz tangki minimum: 500 gallons
- Suhu: 24-28°C (75-82°F)
- Tahap pH: 8.1-8.4
- Kekerasan air: 8-12 dKH
- Keserasian: Not suitable for typical home aquariums due to size and schooling nature. Best kept in very large public aquariums with other large, robust fish.
- Keperluan khas: Requires extremely large tanks with strong filtration and significant water movement. Needs to be kept in large schools to thrive. Not typically available in the aquarium trade.
Maklumat Liar
- Status pemuliharaan: least concern
- Musim: Available year-round in most parts of its range, with peak catches often coinciding with specific migratory patterns or spawning aggregations.
- Harga pasaran: Varies significantly by region and season, generally affordable.
- Kepentingan komersial: high
- Rasa: Mild, slightly oily, and savory.
- Tekstur: Firm, flaky white flesh.
- Kaedah memasak: Grilling, Frying, Baking, Smoking, Curries
- Nilai pemakanan: Good source of protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, and various vitamins and minerals.
Fakta utama
Nocturnal Feederbehavior
The exceptionally large eyes of Selar crumenophthalmus are an adaptation for feeding in low light conditions, making it primarily a nocturnal or crepuscular predator.
Schooling Behaviorbehavior
This species forms large, dense schools, often near the surface, which is a common defense mechanism against predators and aids in foraging efficiency.
Global Distributionamazing
Selar crumenophthalmus boasts a circumtropical and subtropical distribution, making it one of the most widespread carangid species globally.
Commercial Importanceinteresting
It is a highly important commercial fish, particularly in artisanal and small-scale fisheries, contributing significantly to food security in many coastal communities.
Maklumat keselamatan
Selamat- Tahap keselamatan: safe
- Berbisa: Tidak
- Kebolehmakanan: edible
- Nota pengendalian: No specific handling precautions are required beyond standard fish handling practices to avoid cuts from fins or gill plates. Not venomous.
Spesies serupa
Mackerel Scad
Decapterus macarellus
Mackerel Scad typically has a more slender body, smaller eyes relative to its head size, and the scutes on its lateral line are less prominent and cover a shorter portion of the straight section.
Round Scad
Decapterus punctatus
Round Scad has a more cylindrical body shape, smaller eyes, and the terminal scutes on the lateral line are less developed compared to the Bigeye Scad.
Yellowtail Scad
Atule mate
Yellowtail Scad has a more compressed body, a distinct yellow caudal fin, and a prominent black spot on the upper operculum that is often larger and more defined than in Bigeye Scad. Its lateral line scutes are also more extensive anteriorly.
Klasifikasi saintifik
- Kerajaan
- Animalia
- Filum
- Chordata
- Kelas
- Actinopterygii
- Ordo
- Carangiformes
- Keluarga
- Carangidae
- Genus
- Selar
- Spesies
- crumenophthalmus
Terokai Bigeye Scad
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