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Pagrus auriga, commonly known as Sama or Redbanded seabream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae, the seabreams and porgies. It is a demersal fish found in the eastern Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea. This species is highly valued in commercial and recreational fisheries due to its excellent flesh quality.
Ciri-ciri Fizikal
- Bentuk badan
- compressed
- Warna
- Silvery-pink to reddish-silver body, often with 4-5 distinct reddish-brown vertical bands that fade with age. Fins are typically reddish. Juveniles have more pronounced banding.
- Jenis sisik
- ctenoid
- Kedudukan mulut
- terminal
- Ciri tersendiri
- Elongated dorsal fin rays, particularly the 3rd, 4th, and 5th spines, which can be significantly longer than the others, especially in adults., Large, prominent eyes., Strong, conical teeth in the front of the jaws, with molar-like teeth in the back for crushing shells., A dark spot at the origin of the lateral line.
- Sirip dorsal
- Single dorsal fin with 11-12 spines and 10-11 soft rays. The 3rd, 4th, and 5th dorsal spines are notably elongated, especially in larger individuals.
- Sirip ekor
- Forked caudal fin, typically reddish.
- Sirip pektoral
- Long and pointed pectoral fins.
- Sirip tersendiri
- Pelvic fins are relatively short. Anal fin has 3 spines and 8-9 soft rays.
Petua Pengenalan
Elongated Dorsal Spines
The most distinctive feature is the presence of very long, filamentous 3rd, 4th, and 5th dorsal fin spines, especially in adult specimens. This feature is less pronounced in juveniles.
Body Coloration and Bands
Silvery-pink to reddish body with 4-5 reddish-brown vertical bands. These bands are more prominent in younger fish and tend to fade or become less distinct in older, larger individuals.
Dark Spot
A small, dark spot is often visible at the origin of the lateral line, just behind the operculum.
Dentition
Examination of the teeth reveals strong conical teeth anteriorly and molariform teeth posteriorly, adapted for crushing prey.
Habitat
- Jenis air
- saltwater
- Kedalaman
- Typically found at depths ranging from 10 to 200 meters, though juveniles may be found in shallower waters.
- Persekitaran
- Demersal, inhabiting rocky bottoms, sandy areas near reefs, and seagrass beds. Prefers areas with structural complexity for shelter and foraging. Often found near coastal areas and continental shelves.
- Julat geografi
- Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from Portugal south to Angola, including the Canary Islands, Madeira, and Cape Verde. Also present in the Mediterranean Sea, particularly the western and central basins.
Maklumat Akuarium
- Tahap penjagaan: expert
- Perangai: semi-aggressive
- Diet: carnivore
- Saiz tangki minimum: 500 gallons
- Suhu: 18-24°C (64-75°F)
- Tahap pH: 8.1-8.4
- Kekerasan air: 8-12 dKH
- Keserasian: Best kept in species-specific tanks or with very large, robust tank mates that can withstand its territorial nature. Not suitable for typical community aquariums.
- Keperluan khas: Requires a very large tank with ample swimming space and strong filtration. Live rock structures for shelter and foraging are beneficial. Can be aggressive towards conspecifics and other similar-looking fish. Not commonly kept in home aquariums due to size and specific needs.
Maklumat Liar
- Status pemuliharaan: least concern
- Musim: Generally available year-round, but peak fishing seasons can vary regionally, often in warmer months when they are more active.
- Harga pasaran: High, varies by region and season
- Kepentingan komersial: high
- Rasa: Mild, delicate, slightly sweet
- Tekstur: Flaky, firm, white flesh
- Kaedah memasak: Grilled, Baked, Pan-fried, Steamed, Roasted
- Nilai pemakanan: Excellent source of lean protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and essential vitamins and minerals.
Fakta utama
Long-Spined Beautyinteresting
The most striking feature of Pagrus auriga is its elongated dorsal fin spines, which can be several times longer than other spines, giving it a distinctive appearance.
Dietary Crusherbehavior
Pagrus auriga possesses strong molar-like teeth in the back of its jaws, perfectly adapted for crushing the shells of crustaceans and mollusks, which form a significant part of its diet.
Hermaphroditic Lifeevolution
Like many sparids, Pagrus auriga is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals typically mature as females and later transition to males.
Valued Catchinteresting
Due to its excellent flesh quality and size, Pagrus auriga is a highly sought-after species in both commercial and recreational fisheries across its range.
Maklumat keselamatan
Selamat- Tahap keselamatan: safe
- Berbisa: Tidak
- Kebolehmakanan: edible
- Nota pengendalian: While not venomous, like all fish, care should be taken when handling due to sharp fin spines and teeth. Use gloves if necessary to avoid minor punctures or abrasions. No specific handling precautions beyond general fish handling safety.
Spesies serupa
Common Pagrus
Pagrus pagrus
Pagrus pagrus lacks the significantly elongated dorsal fin spines characteristic of Pagrus auriga. Its coloration is generally more uniformly silvery-pink without distinct vertical bands, though it may have faint spots.
Red Sea Bream
Pagellus bogaraveo
Pagellus bogaraveo typically has a more reddish overall coloration and larger eyes relative to its head size. It does not possess the elongated dorsal fin spines of Pagrus auriga and its body shape is generally more slender.
Dentex
Dentex dentex
Dentex dentex has a more robust body and very prominent, sharp canine teeth in the front of its jaws. It lacks the elongated dorsal spines and distinct vertical bands of Pagrus auriga. Its coloration is typically silvery-grey, sometimes with bluish tints.
Klasifikasi saintifik
- Kerajaan
- Animalia
- Filum
- Chordata
- Kelas
- Actinopterygii
- Ordo
- Spariformes
- Keluarga
- Sparidae
- Genus
- Pagrus
- Spesies
- Pagrus auriga
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