Cara Mengenal Pasti Gelama

Untuk mengenal pasti Gelama (Johnius spp.), perhatikan ciri-ciri utama berikut.

Ciri-ciri Fizikal

Bentuk badan

elongated

Warna

Generally silvery to brownish or grayish dorsally, often lighter ventrally. Some species may have faint vertical bars or spots. Fins are typically dusky or yellowish.

Jenis sisik

ctenoid

Kedudukan mulut

terminal

Ciri tersendiri

Presence of a sonic muscle and swim bladder capable of producing sounds., Two dorsal fins, deeply notched or separated., A prominent lateral line that extends to the caudal fin., Often possess small barbels or pores on the chin (though not as pronounced as in some other sciaenids).

Sirip dorsal

Two dorsal fins; the first is spiny (8-11 spines), and the second is long with one spine and numerous soft rays (26-30). The two fins are often deeply notched or distinctly separated.

Sirip ekor

Caudal fin typically rhomboidal or truncate, sometimes slightly pointed.

Sirip pektoral

Pectoral fins are moderately long, usually reaching to or beyond the tip of the pelvic fins.

Sirip tersendiri

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located below the pectoral fins, with one spine and five soft rays. Anal fin has two spines (the second often robust) and 7-9 soft rays.

Petua Pengenalan

1. 1

   Body Shape and Coloration

   Look for an elongated, moderately compressed body, typically silvery-grey to brownish. Note any faint patterns like bars or spots.

2. 2

   Dorsal Fins

   Observe the two dorsal fins; the first is spiny and the second is long and soft-rayed. The degree of separation or notch between them is a key characteristic.

3. 3

   Lateral Line

   The lateral line is prominent and extends all the way to the caudal fin, often with a slight curve.

4. 4

   Mouth and Chin

   The mouth is terminal. Check for the presence and size of any pores or small barbels on the chin, which can vary between species.

5. 5

   Sound Production

   If handled or observed in their natural environment, listen for drumming or croaking sounds, a hallmark of the Sciaenidae family.

Terokai Gelama