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Diplodus vulgaris, commonly known as the common two-banded sea bream or šaraga, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae. It is characterized by its silvery body with two prominent black vertical bands, one behind the head and another on the caudal peduncle. This species is a common inhabitant of rocky and sandy bottoms in the Mediterranean Sea and the eastern Atlantic Ocean.
Fizinės ypatybės
- Kūno forma
- compressed
- Spalva
- Silvery-grey body, often with a yellowish tint on the flanks. The most distinctive feature is the presence of two broad, vertical black bands: one just behind the operculum, extending from the dorsal fin to the pectoral fin base, and another on the caudal peduncle, encircling the base of the tail fin. Fins are generally translucent or slightly yellowish.
- Žvynų tipas
- ctenoid
- Burnos padėtis
- terminal
- Skiriamieji požymiai
- Two prominent black vertical bands on the body., Small, protractile mouth with incisor-like teeth at the front and molars at the sides., Relatively large eyes., Maximum length up to 45 cm, commonly 20-30 cm.
- Nugaros pelekas
- Single dorsal fin with 11-12 spines and 13-16 soft rays.
- Uodegos pelekas
- Forked caudal fin.
- Krūtinės pelekas
- Long and pointed pectoral fins.
- Skiriamieji pelekai
- Anal fin with 3 spines and 12-14 soft rays.
Atpažinimo patarimai
Black Bands
The two distinct black vertical bands are the primary identification feature. One is located behind the head, and the other at the base of the tail.
Body Shape
Its compressed, oval body shape is typical of sea breams.
Mouth and Teeth
Observe the small, slightly protractile mouth with incisor-like teeth at the front, useful for scraping algae and invertebrates.
Size
Adults commonly reach 20-30 cm, with a maximum recorded length of 45 cm.
Buveinė
- Vandens tipas
- saltwater
- Gylis
- Typically found from the surface down to 50 meters, occasionally deeper to 100 meters.
- Aplinka
- Prefers rocky bottoms, seagrass beds (Posidonia oceanica), and sandy areas near rocks. Juveniles often inhabit shallower, more protected waters.
- Geografinis paplitimas
- Mediterranean Sea and the eastern Atlantic Ocean, from the Bay of Biscay south to Senegal, including the Canary Islands and Cape Verde.
Informacija akvariumui
- Priežiūros sudėtingumas: advanced
- Temperamentas: semi-aggressive
- Mityba: carnivore
- Minimalus akvariumo dydis: 500 liters
- Temperatūra: 18-24°C
- pH lygis: 8.1-8.4
- Kietumas: 8-12 dKH
- Suderinamumas: Best kept with other robust, similarly sized marine fish. Can be territorial, especially towards conspecifics or similar-looking species.
- Specialūs reikalavimai: Requires a well-established marine aquarium with plenty of rockwork for hiding and foraging. Good filtration and stable water parameters are crucial. May nip at corals or invertebrates.
Informacija apie laukinę populiaciją
- Apsaugos statusas: least concern
- Sezoniškumas: Can be caught year-round, but often more abundant in warmer months. Spawning typically occurs in autumn and early winter.
- Rinkos kaina: Moderate to high, depending on region and size.
- Komercinė reikšmė: medium
- Skonis: Mild, delicate, and slightly sweet.
- Tekstūra: Firm, flaky white flesh.
- Gaminimo būdai: Grilled, Baked, Fried, Steamed, In soups
- Maistinė vertė: Good source of lean protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and various vitamins and minerals.
Pagrindiniai faktai
Hermaphroditismbehavior
Diplodus vulgaris is a protandrous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals mature first as males and later can change sex to become females. This is a common reproductive strategy among Sparidae.
Dietary Flexibilitybehavior
While primarily carnivorous, feeding on small crustaceans, mollusks, and worms, šaraga also grazes on algae, making it an omnivore with a varied diet.
Social Behaviorbehavior
Juveniles often form schools, providing safety in numbers, while adults tend to be more solitary or found in smaller groups.
Ecological Roleinteresting
As a benthic feeder, Diplodus vulgaris plays an important role in the ecosystem by controlling populations of small invertebrates and contributing to nutrient cycling in its habitat.
Saugos informacija
Saugu- Saugumo lygis: safe
- Nuodinga: Ne
- Tinkamumas maistui: edible
- Elgesio su žuvimi pastabos: No specific handling precautions are required beyond standard fish handling practices to avoid fin pricks. The dorsal and anal fin spines can be sharp.
Panašūs rūšys
Picarel
Spicara smaris
Picarel has a more elongated body, a less pronounced black band on the caudal peduncle (if present), and lacks the distinct black band behind the head. Its coloration is generally more silvery with faint vertical bars.
Annular Sea Bream
Diplodus annularis
The annular sea bream has only one prominent black band, which is located on the caudal peduncle. It lacks the black band behind the head that is characteristic of Diplodus vulgaris.
Saddled Sea Bream
Oblada melanura
The saddled sea bream has a single, very distinct black spot or 'saddle' on the caudal peduncle, but it is typically more oval or rectangular and does not extend as a full band around the body. It also lacks the anterior black band.
Mokslinė klasifikacija
- Karalystė
- Animalia
- Tipas
- Chordata
- Klasė
- Actinopterygii
- Būrys
- Spariformes
- Šeima
- Sparidae
- Gentis
- Diplodus
- Rūšis
- Diplodus vulgaris
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