Karpis

Aprašymas

Cyprinus carpio, commonly known as the Common Carp, is a large, freshwater fish native to Europe and Asia. It is one of the most widely distributed and domesticated fish species globally, valued for aquaculture, angling, and as an ornamental fish. It is characterized by its robust body, large scales (though some varieties are scaleless or partially scaled), and two pairs of barbels on its upper jaw. This species exhibits significant phenotypic plasticity, leading to various cultivated strains.

Fizinės ypatybės

Kūno forma

elongated

Spalva

Wild type is typically olive-green to brownish on the back, fading to yellowish-gold on the flanks and whitish on the belly. Cultivated varieties show a wider range, including golden, silvery, and mottled patterns. Mirror carp have large, irregular scales, while leather carp are virtually scaleless.

Žvynų tipas

cycloid

Burnos padėtis

subterminal

Skiriamieji požymiai

Two pairs of barbels on the upper jaw (one short, one long), Large, thick scales (in scaly varieties), Strong, serrated spine at the front of the dorsal and anal fins, Protrusible mouth for bottom feeding

Nugaros pelekas

Long, single dorsal fin with 3-4 hard rays and 17-22 soft rays, the first hard ray being serrated.

Uodegos pelekas

Deeply forked caudal fin.

Krūtinės pelekas

Relatively small, located low on the body.

Skiriamieji pelekai

Anal fin is short with 3 hard rays (first serrated) and 5-6 soft rays. Pelvic fins are abdominal.

Atpažinimo patarimai

Buveinė

Vandens tipas

freshwater

Gylis

Typically found in shallow to moderately deep waters, often near the bottom, but can range from surface to several meters deep.

Aplinka

Prefers slow-moving or still waters such as lakes, ponds, reservoirs, and the lower reaches of rivers. Thrives in warm, turbid, and eutrophic conditions with abundant aquatic vegetation and soft, muddy bottoms. Tolerant of a wide range of water quality conditions, including low oxygen levels.

Geografinis paplitimas

Native to Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Widely introduced and naturalized across all continents except Antarctica, making it one of the most widespread freshwater fish species globally.

Informacija akvariumui

• Priežiūros sudėtingumas: intermediate
• Temperamentas: peaceful
• Mityba: omnivore
• Minimalus akvariumo dydis: 750 gallons (for a single adult, larger for multiple or growing fish)
• Temperatūra: 10-25°C (50-77°F)
• pH lygis: 6.5-8.0
• Kietumas: 5-20 dGH
• Suderinamumas: Generally compatible with other large, peaceful, coldwater fish. Avoid small fish that could be prey.
• Specialūs reikalavimai: Requires a very large tank or pond due to its potential size. Excellent filtration is essential due to their messy feeding habits. Substrate should be soft to prevent injury to barbels as they forage. Provide ample open swimming space and some hiding spots.

Informacija apie laukinę populiaciją

• Apsaugos statusas: least concern
• Sezoniškumas: Spawns primarily in spring and early summer when water temperatures rise (typically 17-20°C). Feeding activity is highest in warmer months and decreases in winter.
• Rinkos kaina: Varies significantly by region and form (food fish, ornamental).
• Komercinė reikšmė: high
• Skonis: Mild, earthy, sometimes described as slightly muddy depending on habitat and diet.
• Tekstūra: Flaky, firm, and somewhat oily, with numerous small bones.
• Gaminimo būdai: Frying, Baking, Smoking, Grilling, Stewing
• Maistinė vertė: Good source of protein, Omega-3 fatty acids, and various vitamins and minerals (e.g., B12, phosphorus).

Pagrindiniai faktai

Panašūs rūšys

Mokslinė klasifikacija

Karalystė

Animalia

Tipas

Chordata

Klasė

Actinopterygii

Būrys

Cypriniformes

Šeima

Cyprinidae

Gentis

Cyprinus

Rūšis

C. carpio

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