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Apri l'appDescrizione
Plagioscion squamosissimus, commonly known as Corvina, is a freshwater sciaenid fish native to South America. It is a commercially important species, particularly in the Amazon basin, known for its palatable flesh. This species exhibits a moderately elongated and compressed body, typical of many predatory fish. It is characterized by its silvery coloration, often with a darker dorsal region and lighter ventral side. The presence of a well-developed swim bladder, which can produce sound, is a characteristic feature of the Sciaenidae family, though less pronounced in freshwater species like P. squamosissimus compared to marine counterparts. It is an active predator, primarily feeding on smaller fish and crustaceans.
Caratteristiche fisiche
- Forma del corpo
- elongated
- Colorazione
- Generally silvery, with a darker, sometimes greenish or brownish, dorsal region fading to a lighter, silvery-white ventral side. Fins are typically translucent or dusky. Some individuals may exhibit faint lateral lines or spots, though not a prominent feature.
- Tipo di squame
- cycloid
- Posizione della bocca
- terminal
- Caratteristiche distintive
- Moderately compressed body, Large mouth with small, conical teeth, Two dorsal fins, distinctly separated, Prominent lateral line extending to the caudal fin, Large, cycloid scales
- Pinna dorsale
- Two dorsal fins; the first is spiny with 9-11 spines, and the second is soft-rayed with 1 spine and 28-32 soft rays. The two fins are distinctly separated.
- Pinna caudale
- Caudal fin is typically emarginate to slightly forked.
- Pinna pettorale
- Pectoral fins are relatively long and pointed, with 16-18 rays.
- Pinne distintive
- Anal fin with 2 spines and 7-8 soft rays. Pelvic fins are thoracic.
Consigli per l'identificazione
Body Shape and Coloration
Look for a silvery, elongated, and compressed body. The dorsal side is usually darker, fading to a lighter belly.
Dorsal Fins
Note the two distinctly separated dorsal fins. The first is spiny, and the second is soft-rayed.
Mouth
Observe the relatively large, terminal mouth with small, conical teeth, indicative of its predatory nature.
Lateral Line
A prominent lateral line extends from the operculum to the caudal fin.
Size
Adults typically range from 30-50 cm (12-20 inches) in standard length, but can reach up to 80 cm (31 inches) and weigh over 5 kg (11 lbs).
Habitat
- Tipo di acqua
- freshwater
- Profondità
- Typically found in shallow to moderately deep waters, often associated with submerged vegetation or structures.
- Ambiente
- Large rivers, lakes, floodplains, and reservoirs. Prefers areas with moderate to slow currents. Common in turbid waters.
- Areale geografico
- Native to South America, primarily found in the Amazon, Orinoco, and Paraná-Paraguay river basins. Also introduced to other regions, such as the Northeast of Brazil, for aquaculture and fisheries.
Informazioni sull'acquario
- Livello di cura: advanced
- Temperamento: semi-aggressive
- Dieta: carnivore
- Dimensione minima della vasca: 250 gallons (946 liters)
- Temperatura: 24-28°C (75-82°F)
- Livello di pH: 6.0-7.5
- Durezza: 2-15 dGH
- Compatibilità: Best kept in a species-specific tank or with other large, robust fish that can tolerate its predatory nature. Avoid small or docile tank mates.
- Requisiti speciali: Requires a spacious aquarium with ample swimming room. Good filtration is essential due to its predatory diet. Provide hiding spots using large driftwood or rocks. A soft, sandy substrate is preferred. Can be sensitive to poor water quality.
Informazioni in natura
- Stato di conservazione: least concern
- Stagionalità: Spawning typically occurs during the rainy season (high water periods) in the Amazon basin, influencing catch rates. Available year-round, but abundance can fluctuate seasonally.
- Prezzo di mercato: Varies significantly by region and season, but generally commands a good price due to its popularity as a food fish.
- Importanza commerciale: high
- Sapore: Mild, delicate, and slightly sweet.
- Consistenza: Flaky, firm, and white.
- Metodi di cottura: Fried, Grilled, Baked, Stewed, Pan-seared
- Valore nutrizionale: Good source of lean protein and omega-3 fatty acids.
Fatti chiave
Sound Productionbehavior
Like many sciaenids, Corvina possesses a specialized swim bladder and associated muscles that allow it to produce drumming or croaking sounds, particularly during spawning or territorial displays. This is a characteristic of the 'drum' or 'croaker' family.
Introduced Speciesinteresting
While native to the Amazon and Orinoco basins, Plagioscion squamosissimus has been widely introduced to other freshwater systems in Brazil and other South American countries due to its popularity as a food fish, sometimes leading to ecological impacts on native fish communities.
Dietary Shiftbehavior
Juvenile Corvina primarily feed on zooplankton and aquatic insects, but as they mature, their diet shifts significantly to piscivory, consuming a wide range of smaller fish species and larger invertebrates like shrimp.
Ecological Roleinteresting
As a top predator in many freshwater ecosystems, Corvina plays a crucial role in regulating populations of smaller fish and invertebrates, contributing to the overall health and balance of its habitat.
Informazioni di sicurezza
Sicuro- Livello di sicurezza: safe
- Velenoso: No
- Commestibilità: edible
- Note sul maneggio: No specific handling precautions beyond standard fish handling. Be mindful of sharp fin spines, especially the dorsal and anal spines, which can cause minor punctures. Handle with care to avoid injury to both the fish and handler.
Specie simili
Pescada-amarela
Plagioscion auratus
P. auratus generally has a more yellowish or golden hue, especially on the fins, and may have a slightly different fin ray count. P. squamosissimus is typically more silvery.
Pescada-preta
Plagioscion surinamensis
P. surinamensis tends to be darker, often with a more pronounced dark spot at the base of the pectoral fin, and typically has a deeper body compared to the more elongated P. squamosissimus.
Pescada-de-escama
Plagioscion magdalenae
P. magdalenae is found in different river basins (Magdalena River) and may have subtle differences in fin morphology and scale patterns, requiring expert examination for definitive identification.
Classificazione scientifica
- Regno
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Classe
- Actinopterygii
- Ordine
- Perciformes
- Famiglia
- Sciaenidae
- Genere
- Plagioscion
- Specie
- squamosissimus
Esplora Corvina
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