How to Identify Spotted Tilapia

To identify Spotted Tilapia (Tilapia mariae), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

Adults typically exhibit a dark olive to brownish-grey body with several irregular, dark, vertical bars or blotches, particularly prominent on the flanks. The operculum often has a dark spot. Fins are generally dark, sometimes with lighter margins. Juveniles are lighter with more distinct spotting.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Robust, deep body, Large head with a relatively small mouth, Prominent dark spots or blotches on the flanks, Often has a dark opercular spot, Spiny dorsal fin

Dorsal fin

Long, continuous dorsal fin with 15-17 spines and 11-13 soft rays. The spiny portion is longer than the soft-rayed portion.

Tail fin

Rounded to truncate caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Well-developed, fan-shaped pectoral fins.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin with 3 spines and 8-10 soft rays. Pelvic fins are thoracic.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape and Size

   Robust, deep-bodied cichlid, typically reaching 25-35 cm (10-14 inches) in length, with some individuals exceeding 40 cm (16 inches).

2. 2

   Coloration and Markings

   Distinguished by its dark, irregular blotches or vertical bars on a brownish-grey to olive body. A prominent dark spot on the operculum is often present. Juveniles have more pronounced spotting.

3. 3

   Fin Structure

   The long dorsal fin with a distinct spiny anterior portion and a rounded caudal fin are key features.

4. 4

   Mouth and Jaw

   Relatively small, terminal mouth with bicuspid teeth in the outer row and tricuspid teeth in the inner rows.

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