How to Identify Axillary Wrasse

To identify Axillary Wrasse (Symphodus mediterraneus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

Highly variable. Males are generally more colorful, especially during breeding season, displaying shades of red, orange, brown, and green, often with iridescent blue or green spots and lines. A prominent dark spot is typically present on the upper part of the caudal peduncle (base of the tail) and another, often less distinct, in the axil (base) of the pectoral fin. Females and juveniles are usually duller, often brownish or greenish with mottled patterns for camouflage. The head may have irregular blue lines.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Prominent dark spot on the upper caudal peduncle., Often a dark spot in the axil of the pectoral fin (hence 'Axillary Wrasse')., Elongated snout with thick lips., Small, conical teeth., Variable but often vibrant coloration, especially in males.

Dorsal fin

Single, long dorsal fin with 14-17 spines and 9-11 soft rays. The spiny portion is longer than the soft-rayed portion.

Tail fin

Rounded or slightly truncate caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Large and fan-like, typically with 13-15 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located directly below the pectoral fins.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Caudal Peduncle Spot

   Look for a distinct dark spot on the upper part of the caudal peduncle (the narrow part of the body connecting to the tail fin). This is a key identifying feature.

2. 2

   Pectoral Axil Spot

   Observe the base of the pectoral fin; a dark spot in the 'armpit' (axil) is often present, though it can be less conspicuous than the caudal spot.

3. 3

   Body Shape and Size

   Its relatively elongated and compressed body, reaching up to 18 cm, helps distinguish it from some other wrasse species.

4. 4

   Coloration and Pattern

   While variable, the general reddish-brown to greenish base color with potential blue lines on the head and iridescent spots can be indicative. Males in breeding season are particularly vibrant.

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