How to Identify Needlefish

To identify Needlefish (Strongylura strongylura), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Dorsal surface is typically greenish to bluish-grey, fading to silvery-white on the flanks and belly. A prominent dark lateral stripe may be present along the sides. The caudal fin often has a distinct dark spot, especially in juveniles and subadults, which gives rise to the common name 'Spottail Needlefish'.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Extremely elongated, slender body, Long, needle-like jaws with numerous sharp teeth, Dorsal and anal fins positioned far back on the body, nearly opposite each other, Often a dark spot on the caudal fin (tail fin)

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin, typically with 13-17 soft rays, positioned posteriorly, opposite the anal fin.

Tail fin

Caudal fin is truncate to slightly emarginate, often with a dark spot at its base or on the lower lobe.

Pectoral fin

Small, located low on the body, typically with 10-12 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are small and abdominal, located far back on the belly. All fins lack spines.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape

   Look for the extremely slender, elongated, almost cylindrical body, characteristic of all needlefish.

2. 2

   Jaws

   Observe the very long, pointed jaws, resembling a needle or beak, filled with numerous small, sharp teeth.

3. 3

   Fin Placement

   Note the dorsal and anal fins are set far back on the body, almost directly opposite each other, close to the caudal fin.

4. 4

   Caudal Fin Spot

   In Strongylura strongylura specifically, look for a distinct dark spot on the caudal fin, especially noticeable in younger individuals.

5. 5

   Coloration

   The greenish-grey dorsal and silvery-white ventral coloration, often with a lateral stripe, is typical.

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