How to Identify European Barracuda

To identify European Barracuda (Sphyraena sphyraena), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Dorsal side is typically dark grey to greenish-blue, fading to silvery-white on the flanks and belly. Often exhibits faint, irregular dark bars or blotches on the sides, which can be more pronounced in younger individuals or when stressed. Fins are generally dusky.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Elongated, cylindrical body, Large, pointed head with a prominent lower jaw that protrudes beyond the upper jaw, Two widely separated dorsal fins, Powerful, conical teeth of varying sizes, including large canines, set in sockets in both jaws, Lateral line is straight and prominent

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first with 5 strong spines, the second with 1 spine and 9 soft rays. Widely separated.

Tail fin

Forked caudal fin, powerful and deeply emarginate.

Pectoral fin

Short, located low on the body, with 1 spine and 13-15 soft rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are small and located abdominally, beneath the first dorsal fin.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape

   Look for the distinctly elongated, cylindrical, and streamlined body, characteristic of a fast-swimming predator.

2. 2

   Head and Mouth

   Observe the large, pointed head with a prominent, prognathous lower jaw (protruding beyond the upper jaw) and visible, sharp teeth.

3. 3

   Dorsal Fins

   Note the two distinctly separated dorsal fins. The first is spiny, and the second is soft-rayed.

4. 4

   Coloration

   Identify the dark grey to greenish-blue back, silvery sides, and often faint vertical bars or blotches.

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