How to Identify Great Barracuda

To identify Great Barracuda (Sphyraena barracuda), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Dorsal side is typically dark gray to greenish-blue, fading to silvery sides and a white belly. Often exhibits irregular, dark vertical bars or blotches on the sides, which can be more pronounced in younger individuals or when camouflaging. Caudal fin is often dark with white tips on the lobes.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Large, prominent mouth with a prognathous (under-slung) lower jaw., Two rows of sharp, dagger-like teeth: an outer row of small, closely set teeth and an inner row of larger, widely spaced fangs., Large, reflective eyes., Absence of gill rakers., Lateral line is prominent and straight.

Dorsal fin

Two widely separated dorsal fins. The first dorsal fin has 5 strong spines, and the second dorsal fin has 1 spine and 9 soft rays. The first dorsal fin originates above or slightly behind the pectoral fin base.

Tail fin

Large, deeply forked caudal fin, often dark with pale tips on the lobes.

Pectoral fin

Small, positioned low on the body.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are small and located abdominally, beneath the pectoral fins. Anal fin has 2 spines and 8 soft rays, similar in shape and size to the second dorsal fin.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Size and Body Shape

   Adults can reach up to 2 meters (6.6 feet) in length and weigh over 50 kg (110 lbs), though most commonly observed specimens are smaller. The body is distinctly elongated and cylindrical, tapering at both ends.

2. 2

   Dentition

   The most striking feature is the formidable array of teeth: an outer row of small, sharp teeth and an inner row of much larger, canine-like fangs, particularly noticeable in the lower jaw which protrudes beyond the upper jaw.

3. 3

   Coloration and Markings

   Silvery body with a darker dorsal surface (gray to greenish-blue). Many individuals, especially younger ones, display irregular, dark vertical bars or blotches along their sides. The caudal fin is typically dark with white tips on the lobes.

4. 4

   Fin Placement

   Two widely separated dorsal fins. The first dorsal fin is spiny and located well forward, roughly above the pectoral fins. The second dorsal fin is soft-rayed and positioned directly above the anal fin.

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