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Sillago burrus, commonly known as the Western Trumpeter Whiting, is a species of marine fish belonging to the family Sillaginidae, the smelt-whitings. It is a demersal species found in coastal waters of Western Australia. This species is characterized by its elongated body, silvery coloration, and distinctive markings, including a series of dark blotches along its flanks. It is a commercially important species in its range, targeted by both recreational and commercial fisheries.
Physical Characteristics
- Body shape
- elongated
- Coloration
- Overall silvery to pale brown dorsally, fading to white ventrally. A series of 7-10 dark, saddle-like blotches or bars are present along the lateral line, often extending onto the dorsal surface. Fins are generally hyaline (clear) to dusky, with the caudal fin sometimes having a yellowish tinge.
- Scale type
- ctenoid
- Mouth position
- terminal
- Distinctive features
- Elongated, slightly compressed body., Small, terminal mouth., Two distinct dorsal fins., A series of dark blotches along the lateral line., Large, ctenoid scales.
- Dorsal fin
- Two dorsal fins; the first with 10-11 spines, the second with 1 spine and 18-21 soft rays. The first dorsal fin is typically higher than the second.
- Tail fin
- Forked caudal fin.
- Pectoral fin
- Pectoral fins are moderately long, reaching to or slightly beyond the origin of the second dorsal fin.
- Distinctive fins
- Pelvic fins are thoracic, located beneath the pectoral fins.
Identification Tips
Body Shape and Coloration
Look for the elongated, silvery body with a series of distinct dark blotches or saddles along the lateral line. This pattern is a key identifier.
Dorsal Fins
Note the two separate dorsal fins, with the first being spiny and generally taller than the second soft-rayed fin.
Mouth
Observe the small, slightly upward-pointing terminal mouth, characteristic of whiting species.
Geographic Location
Its presence exclusively in Western Australian waters is a strong indicator for identification.
Habitat
- Water type
- saltwater
- Depth
- Typically found in shallow coastal waters, from the surf zone to depths of about 30 meters (100 feet).
- Environment
- Prefers sandy or silty substrates in sheltered bays, estuaries, and nearshore coastal areas. Often found in association with seagrass beds and patchy reef systems.
- Geographic range
- Endemic to the coastal waters of Western Australia, ranging from the North West Shelf south to the Great Australian Bight.
Aquarium Information
- Care level: expert
- Temperament: peaceful
- Diet: carnivore
- Minimum tank size: 200 gallons
- Temperature: 22-26°C (72-79°F)
- pH level: 8.1-8.4
- Hardness: 8-12 dKH
- Compatibility: Generally compatible with other peaceful, similarly sized marine fish. Avoid aggressive species or very small invertebrates.
- Special requirements: Requires a large tank with ample swimming space and a soft sand substrate for burrowing. Excellent water quality and strong filtration are essential. Live foods and a varied diet are crucial for their well-being.
Wild Information
- Conservation status: least concern
- Seasonality: Generally available year-round, with peak catches often occurring during warmer months.
- Market price: Varies by region and season, generally considered a premium table fish.
- Commercial importance: medium
- Taste: Mild, sweet, and delicate flavor.
- Texture: Flaky, white, and tender flesh.
- Cooking methods: Pan-fried, Baked, Grilled, Steamed
- Nutritional value: Low in fat, good source of lean protein and Omega-3 fatty acids.
Key Facts
Burrowing Behaviorbehavior
Western Trumpeter Whiting are known to burrow into sandy substrates, especially when resting or seeking refuge from predators. This behavior is common among many whiting species.
Dietary Habitsbehavior
Their diet primarily consists of small benthic invertebrates such as polychaete worms, small crustaceans (e.g., amphipods, copepods), and mollusks, which they forage for in the sand.
Commercial Importanceinteresting
Despite being less widespread than some other whiting species, S. burrus is a highly valued table fish in Western Australia, contributing significantly to local recreational and commercial fisheries.
Taxonomic Stabilityevolution
The species 'Sillago burrus' has maintained its taxonomic stability since its description, with no significant recent changes or widely accepted synonyms.
Safety Information
Safe- Safety level: safe
- Venomous: No
- Edibility: edible
- Handling notes: No specific handling precautions are required beyond standard fish handling practices to avoid fin spines. The spines are not venomous but can cause minor punctures.
Similar Species
Western School Whiting
Sillago vittata
Sillago vittata generally lacks the prominent dark blotches along the lateral line that are characteristic of S. burrus. S. vittata often has a more uniform silvery coloration or faint oblique bars.
Yellowfin Whiting
Sillago schomburgkii
Sillago schomburgkii typically has yellowish pectoral and caudal fins, and usually lacks the distinct dark blotches of S. burrus. Its body is often more slender.
Stout Whiting
Sillago robusta
Sillago robusta is generally a more robust-bodied species and may have less distinct or absent lateral blotches. Fin ray counts can also differ, requiring closer examination.
Scientific Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Order
- Perciformes
- Family
- Sillaginidae
- Genus
- Sillago
- Species
- Sillago burrus
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