How to Identify Northern Pikeminnow

To identify Northern Pikeminnow (Ptychocheilus oregonensis), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Dorsal surface is typically dark olive to brownish-green, fading to silvery or brassy on the sides, and white or cream on the belly. Fins are often dusky or yellowish. Juveniles may have a faint lateral stripe.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Large, terminal mouth extending to or beyond the anterior margin of the eye., No barbels., Large, deeply forked caudal fin., Relatively small, embedded scales., Adults can reach lengths of up to 60-90 cm (24-35 inches), with some individuals exceeding 1 meter (39 inches) and weights over 14 kg (30 lbs).

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin, typically with 8-10 soft rays. Originates slightly anterior to the pelvic fin origin.

Tail fin

Large, deeply forked caudal fin, indicative of a fast-swimming predator.

Pectoral fin

Pectoral fins are moderately sized, typically with 15-18 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are abdominal, located well behind the pectoral fins, with 9-10 rays. Anal fin has 8-9 rays.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Mouth Size and Position

   Look for a large, terminal mouth that extends to or beyond the front of the eye. This is a key feature distinguishing it from many other minnows.

2. 2

   Body Shape

   Its elongated, streamlined, torpedo-like body is characteristic of a predatory fish.

3. 3

   Absence of Barbels

   Unlike some other cyprinids, the Northern Pikeminnow lacks barbels around its mouth.

4. 4

   Scale Size

   The scales are relatively small and embedded, giving the fish a smooth appearance.

5. 5

   Fin Characteristics

   A deeply forked caudal fin and a single dorsal fin originating slightly anterior to the pelvic fins are good indicators.

6. 6

   Size

   Adults are typically much larger than most other minnow species in their range, often exceeding 50 cm (20 inches).

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