How to Identify Southern Sand Flathead

To identify Southern Sand Flathead (Platycephalus bassensis), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

flat

Coloration

Dorsal surface typically sandy brown to grey, often mottled with darker spots and blotches, providing excellent camouflage against sandy or muddy substrates. Ventral surface is white. Fins may have faint banding or spotting.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Greatly flattened head and body, tapering towards the tail., Large, dorsally flattened head with a broad, depressed snout., Large mouth with numerous small, sharp teeth., Two distinct dorsal fins., A prominent spine on the preoperculum (cheek bone).

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first is spiny with 8-9 spines, the second is soft-rayed with 13-15 rays. The first dorsal fin is typically shorter than the second.

Tail fin

Caudal fin is rounded to truncate, often with a dark spot or blotch on the upper lobe.

Pectoral fin

Pectoral fins are moderately large and rounded.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic, located beneath the pectoral fins, and are relatively large, aiding in resting on the substrate.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Head Shape

   Look for the distinctly flattened, broad head and large mouth. The eyes are typically located dorsally on the head.

2. 2

   Preopercular Spine

   A sharp, prominent spine on the preoperculum (cheek bone) is a key identifying feature. Care should be taken when handling.

3. 3

   Coloration and Pattern

   The mottled sandy-brown to grey coloration with darker spots and blotches is characteristic and provides excellent camouflage.

4. 4

   Caudal Fin Spot

   Often, a dark spot or blotch is present on the upper lobe of the caudal fin, which can help distinguish it from other flathead species.

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