How to Identify Panda Goby

To identify Panda Goby (Paragobiodon echinocephalus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

The body is typically dark brown to black, often appearing almost velvety. The head is a striking bright red or orange, contrasting sharply with the body. Some individuals may have a lighter, almost white, band or patch behind the head. The fins are generally translucent or dusky.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Bright red/orange head contrasting with a dark body., Small, robust body with a relatively large head., Presence of small, spiny projections on the head (echinocephalus means 'spiny head')., Fused pelvic fins forming a suction cup-like disc.

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first dorsal fin has 6-7 spines, and the second dorsal fin has 1 spine and 8-9 soft rays. The first dorsal fin is often slightly elevated.

Tail fin

Rounded caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Pectoral fins are relatively large and rounded, with 17-19 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are fused into a disc-like structure, characteristic of gobies, used for clinging to surfaces.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Coloration

   The most striking feature is the bright red or orange head against a dark, often black or dark brown, body. This 'panda-like' contrast is highly diagnostic.

2. 2

   Host Coral Association

   Almost exclusively found living within the branches of Pocillopora corals. If you see a small goby with this coloration in a Pocillopora, it's very likely P. echinocephalus.

3. 3

   Size and Shape

   Its small size (up to 3 cm) and robust, somewhat stocky body with a relatively large head are characteristic.

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