How to Identify Maori Wrasse

To identify Maori Wrasse (Oxycheilinus unifasciatus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Juveniles and initial phase (IP) females are typically reddish-brown to olive-green, often with a pale stripe along the lateral line and a dark spot on the caudal peduncle. Terminal phase (TP) males develop more vibrant coloration, often with a greenish-blue body, a prominent dark band or blotch on the posterior body/caudal peduncle, and intricate facial markings that can resemble Maori tribal tattoos (hence the common name). The caudal fin often has a distinct pale or white posterior margin.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Prominent, fleshy lips, Large, canine-like teeth at the front of the jaws, Distinctive dark band or blotch on the caudal peduncle in terminal phase males, Intricate facial markings in terminal phase males, Rounded caudal fin

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin with 9 spines and 10 soft rays. The spinous portion is continuous with the soft-rayed portion.

Tail fin

Rounded caudal fin, often with a pale posterior margin.

Pectoral fin

Large and rounded, typically with 12 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are relatively small and located thoracically.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape and Size

   Elongated, robust body, growing up to 40 cm (16 inches) in total length.

2. 2

   Coloration and Markings

   Look for the reddish-brown to olive-green base color in initial phase individuals, and the more vibrant greenish-blue with a distinct dark band on the caudal peduncle in terminal phase males. The intricate facial patterns on males are a key identifier.

3. 3

   Lips and Teeth

   Prominent, fleshy lips and visible canine-like teeth at the front of the mouth are characteristic of the genus Oxycheilinus.

4. 4

   Caudal Fin

   The rounded caudal fin, often with a pale or white posterior margin, is a good distinguishing feature.

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