Got a photo? Identify fish instantly with the Fishby app.
Open the appDescription
Mystus cavasius, commonly known as the Gangetic Mystus, is a species of bagrid catfish native to freshwater systems across South and Southeast Asia. It is characterized by its elongated body, prominent barbels, and a distinctive dark lateral stripe. This species is an important component of artisanal fisheries and is also occasionally found in the aquarium trade.
Physical Characteristics
- Body shape
- elongated
- Coloration
- Body color typically silvery-grey to brownish-yellow, often with a distinct dark, longitudinal stripe running from the operculum to the caudal fin base. The fins are usually hyaline (transparent) to dusky, sometimes with a yellowish tinge. Juveniles may exhibit more pronounced patterning.
- Scale type
- none
- Mouth position
- terminal
- Distinctive features
- Four pairs of prominent barbels: one nasal, one maxillary (reaching beyond the pectoral fin base), and two mandibular (shorter)., A distinct dark lateral stripe., Adipose fin present and relatively long., Serrated pectoral fin spine.
- Dorsal fin
- Short-based, with a strong, serrated spine and 7 soft rays. Followed by a relatively long adipose fin.
- Tail fin
- Deeply forked, with pointed lobes.
- Pectoral fin
- Strong, with a serrated spine and 8-9 soft rays.
- Distinctive fins
- Pelvic fins with 6 soft rays. Anal fin with 10-13 soft rays.
Identification Tips
Lateral Stripe
Look for the prominent dark, longitudinal stripe running along the flank from the gill cover to the tail base. This is a key distinguishing feature.
Barbels
Observe the four pairs of barbels. The maxillary barbels are particularly long, often extending past the base of the pectoral fins.
Adipose Fin
Note the presence and relatively long length of the adipose fin, which is characteristic of Mystus species.
Pectoral Spine
Carefully examine the pectoral fin spine, which is strong and serrated along its posterior edge.
Habitat
- Water type
- freshwater
- Depth
- Typically found in shallow to moderate depths, often near the bottom.
- Environment
- Inhabits rivers, streams, canals, lakes, ponds, and flooded fields. Prefers areas with muddy or sandy substrates and often associated with submerged vegetation or debris. Tolerant of a wide range of water conditions.
- Geographic range
- Widely distributed across South and Southeast Asia, including India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, and parts of Malaysia and Indonesia.
Aquarium Information
- Care level: intermediate
- Temperament: semi-aggressive
- Diet: omnivore
- Minimum tank size: 50 gallons (190 liters)
- Temperature: 22-28 °C (72-82 °F)
- pH level: 6.0-7.5
- Hardness: 5-15 dGH
- Compatibility: Can be kept with similarly sized, robust fish. Avoid very small or overly aggressive tank mates. May prey on smaller fish.
- Special requirements: Requires a well-filtered tank with plenty of hiding spots (caves, driftwood, dense planting). Substrate should be soft sand or fine gravel to protect its delicate barbels. Prefers subdued lighting.
Wild Information
- Conservation status: least concern
- Seasonality: Breeds during the monsoon season (typically June to September) in its native range, leading to increased catches during this period.
- Market price: Varies regionally, generally low to moderate for food fish.
- Commercial importance: medium
- Taste: Mild, slightly earthy flavor.
- Texture: Firm, flaky white flesh with few bones.
- Cooking methods: Curried, Fried, Grilled, Stewed
- Nutritional value: Good source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids.
Key Facts
Barbel Lengthinteresting
The maxillary barbels of Mystus cavasius are remarkably long, often extending beyond the base of the pectoral fins, aiding in foraging in murky waters.
Nocturnal Foragerbehavior
Like many catfish, Mystus cavasius is primarily nocturnal, using its sensitive barbels to locate food in low light conditions.
Venomous Spinesinteresting
The dorsal and pectoral fin spines are venomous, providing a defense mechanism against predators. Caution is advised when handling.
Ecological Rolebehavior
As an omnivorous bottom-dweller, it plays a role in nutrient cycling and controlling invertebrate populations in its freshwater habitats.
Safety Information
Handle with care- Safety level: caution
- Venomous: Yes
- Edibility: edible
- Handling notes: The pectoral and dorsal fin spines of Mystus cavasius are strong and serrated, and can inflict painful wounds. These spines are also associated with venom glands, and a sting can cause localized pain, swelling, and discomfort. Handle with extreme care, preferably using thick gloves or a net to avoid direct contact with the spines. If stung, clean the wound thoroughly and seek medical attention if symptoms are severe or persistent.
Similar Species
Striped Dwarf Catfish
Mystus vittatus
Mystus vittatus typically has multiple (usually 3-4) distinct longitudinal stripes, whereas M. cavasius usually has a single, broader dark stripe. M. vittatus also tends to be smaller and has shorter maxillary barbels.
Asian Striped Catfish
Mystus tengara
Mystus tengara also has multiple longitudinal stripes, similar to M. vittatus, but often with a more yellowish body coloration. Its maxillary barbels are generally shorter than those of M. cavasius.
Giant River Catfish
Mystus aor
Mystus aor grows significantly larger (up to 1.8 meters) and has a more robust body. While it shares the genus, its overall morphology and size clearly differentiate it from M. cavasius.
Scientific Classification
- Kingdom
- Animalia
- Phylum
- Chordata
- Class
- Actinopterygii
- Order
- Siluriformes
- Family
- Bagridae
- Genus
- Mystus
- Species
- Mystus cavasius
Explore Gangetic Mystus
Identify fish anywhere
Free on iOS, Android, and Web. Photo identification, full species details, and more.