How to Identify Black Bass

To identify Black Bass (Micropterus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Highly variable depending on species, habitat, and water clarity. Generally, dorsal surfaces are dark green to olive, fading to lighter green or silver on the flanks, and white on the belly. Many species exhibit a prominent dark lateral stripe or blotches. Smallmouth Bass often have vertical bars.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Large mouth extending beyond the eye (Largemouth Bass), Mouth not extending beyond the eye (Smallmouth Bass), Deeply notched dorsal fin, often appearing as two separate fins, Robust, muscular body, Ctenoid scales

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins, broadly joined or deeply notched, with 9-11 spines in the anterior portion and 12-14 soft rays in the posterior portion.

Tail fin

Slightly forked caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Paired pectoral fins, typically rounded.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are thoracic (located below or in front of the pectoral fins).

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Mouth Size

   For Largemouth Bass, the jaw extends past the rear margin of the eye. For Smallmouth Bass, the jaw does not extend past the rear margin of the eye.

2. 2

   Dorsal Fin

   The dorsal fin of Largemouth Bass has a very deep notch, almost separating it into two distinct fins. Smallmouth Bass have a less pronounced notch.

3. 3

   Coloration and Markings

   Largemouth Bass typically have a prominent dark lateral stripe. Smallmouth Bass often have vertical bars or blotches and a more bronze or brown coloration.

4. 4

   Scales on Cheek

   Smallmouth Bass have scales on the base of their soft dorsal and anal fins, and smaller scales on their cheeks compared to Largemouth Bass.

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