How to Identify Mediterranean Sand Eel

To identify Mediterranean Sand Eel (Gymnammodytes cicerelus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

eel-like

Coloration

Dorsal side is typically greenish-brown to olive, fading to silvery-white on the flanks and belly. A distinct silvery stripe often runs along the lateral line. The fins are generally translucent.

Scale type

none

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Elongated, cylindrical body, Absence of scales (smooth skin), Pointed, conical snout, Protrusible lower jaw, Deeply forked caudal fin, Absence of pelvic fins, Long dorsal fin extending almost the entire length of the back

Dorsal fin

Single, long dorsal fin with 54-60 soft rays, originating above the pectoral fin and extending almost to the caudal fin.

Tail fin

Deeply forked caudal fin, symmetrical lobes.

Pectoral fin

Small, located low on the body, with 13-15 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are entirely absent. Anal fin is long, with 29-33 soft rays, originating well behind the dorsal fin origin.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Shape and Scales

   Look for a very slender, elongated body that is completely smooth and scaleless. This is a key differentiator from many other small, silvery fish.

2. 2

   Snout and Jaw

   Observe the pointed, conical snout and the distinctly protrusible lower jaw, which extends beyond the upper jaw, giving it an 'underbite' appearance.

3. 3

   Fins

   Note the absence of pelvic fins and the single, very long dorsal fin. The caudal fin is deeply forked.

4. 4

   Behavior

   Its characteristic behavior of rapidly burrowing headfirst into sand when threatened or at rest is a strong indicator.

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