How to Identify Cambodian Garra

To identify Cambodian Garra (Garra cambodgiensis), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Generally brownish to grayish-olive dorsally, fading to a lighter, often yellowish or whitish ventral surface. A dark lateral stripe may be present, extending from the snout through the eye to the caudal peduncle. Fins are typically translucent or slightly dusky. Some individuals may exhibit a reddish tint on the fins, particularly the caudal fin.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

inferior

Distinctive features

Prominent rostral cap covering the snout, often with tubercles., Well-developed mental disc (sucking disc) on the chin, used for adhesion., Two pairs of barbels (rostral and maxillary)., Elongated, cylindrical body adapted for rheophilic life., Typically reaches a maximum standard length of 15-20 cm (6-8 inches).

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin, typically with 2-3 unbranched and 7-8 branched rays. Origin usually anterior to the pelvic fin origin.

Tail fin

Forked caudal fin with pointed lobes.

Pectoral fin

Pectoral fins are horizontally oriented and relatively large, aiding in maintaining position in strong currents.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are also horizontally oriented and contribute to the adhesive function, often appearing somewhat flattened.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Mental Disc

   The most distinguishing feature is the large, well-developed mental disc (sucking disc) on the underside of the head, posterior to the mouth. This disc is crucial for adhering to substrates in strong currents.

2. 2

   Rostral Cap

   A prominent, often tuberculated rostral cap covers the snout, extending over the upper jaw.

3. 3

   Barbels

   Presence of two pairs of barbels: a rostral pair and a maxillary pair. The rostral barbels are typically shorter than the maxillary barbels.

4. 4

   Body Shape and Coloration

   Elongated, somewhat cylindrical body with a brownish to grayish-olive dorsal coloration and a lighter ventral side. A dark lateral stripe may be present.

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