How to Identify Convict Damsel

To identify Convict Damsel (Dascyllus aruanus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

Distinctive pattern of three broad, vertical black bands alternating with three white bands. The caudal fin (tail) is typically white, which is a key identifying feature. The first black band runs through the eye, the second across the mid-body, and the third across the caudal peduncle. The fins are generally translucent or slightly dusky.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Three prominent black vertical bands on a white body., White caudal fin., Small, oval-shaped body., Relatively large eyes.

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin with 12 spines and 12-13 soft rays. The spiny and soft-rayed portions are continuous.

Tail fin

Forked caudal fin, typically white.

Pectoral fin

Paired pectoral fins, clear to slightly dusky.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are dark, often black, contrasting with the white body.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Banding Pattern

   Look for three distinct black vertical bands on a white body. This is the most reliable visual cue.

2. 2

   Caudal Fin Color

   The white caudal fin is a crucial differentiator from similar species like Dascyllus melanurus, which has a black caudal fin.

3. 3

   Habitat Association

   Observe their behavior; they are almost always found in tight schools hovering above or within branching coral colonies.

4. 4

   Size

   Adults typically reach a maximum size of about 6-7 cm (2.4-2.8 inches) total length.

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