How to Identify Steephead Parrotfish

To identify Steephead Parrotfish (Chlorurus microrhinos), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Initial phase (IP) individuals are generally duller, often reddish-brown to purplish-brown, sometimes with lighter blotches or stripes. Terminal phase (TP) males are striking, typically bright blue-green with a prominent yellow or orange patch on the operculum and pectoral fin base. The lips are often blue or green. Juveniles are typically mottled brown.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Large size, reaching up to 80 cm (31.5 inches) in total length., Steep, rounded head profile, especially pronounced in large terminal phase males., Dental plate is prominent, with the upper jaw overlapping the lower jaw., No posterior canine teeth in adults., Two rows of scales on the cheek.

Dorsal fin

IX, 10 (9 spines, 10 soft rays)

Tail fin

Lunate to emarginate in juveniles and initial phase, becoming more lunate with elongated lobes in large terminal phase males.

Pectoral fin

15-16 rays

Distinctive fins

Pectoral fins are relatively long. Caudal fin coloration often matches the body, with blue-green rays and sometimes yellow or orange margins in TP males.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Head Profile

   The most distinguishing feature is the very steep, almost vertical, and rounded forehead, particularly in large terminal phase males. This gives it a 'steephead' appearance.

2. 2

   Coloration (TP Male)

   Look for the vibrant blue-green body with a distinct yellow or orange patch on the operculum and pectoral fin base. The lips are often bright blue.

3. 3

   Size

   It is one of the largest parrotfish species, reaching impressive lengths, which helps differentiate it from smaller Chlorurus species.

4. 4

   Dental Plate

   The fused teeth form a prominent, beak-like dental plate. The upper jaw slightly overlaps the lower jaw, and there are no posterior canine teeth in adults.

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