How to Identify Raccoon Butterflyfish

To identify Raccoon Butterflyfish (Chaetodon lunula), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

The body is primarily yellow to yellowish-orange, transitioning to white on the belly. A prominent black band runs vertically through the eye, resembling a 'raccoon mask'. Behind this, a broad white band extends from the nape to the pectoral fin base. The posterior part of the body features several oblique, dark brown to black stripes or chevrons, often forming a crescent or 'lunula' pattern, which gives the fish its scientific name. The caudal fin is typically yellow with a black submarginal band.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Black 'raccoon mask' band through the eye., Broad white band behind the eye band., Oblique dark stripes/chevrons on the posterior body., Yellow caudal fin with a black submarginal band.

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin with 10-14 spines and 20-27 soft rays. The spiny portion is continuous with the soft-rayed portion.

Tail fin

Truncate to slightly rounded caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Well-developed pectoral fins, typically clear to yellowish.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin with 3 spines and 18-20 soft rays. Pelvic fins are yellow with a black leading edge.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Eye Band

   Look for the prominent black vertical band passing through the eye, resembling a mask.

2. 2

   Body Pattern

   Observe the yellowish-orange body with a broad white band behind the eye and the distinctive oblique dark stripes or chevrons on the posterior half of the body.

3. 3

   Caudal Fin

   Note the yellow caudal fin with a black submarginal band.

4. 4

   Nocturnal Activity

   Unlike many other butterflyfish, C. lunula is often observed feeding at night, which can be a key behavioral identifier.

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