How to Identify White Spotted Filefish

To identify White Spotted Filefish (Cantherhines maculatus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

The body coloration is highly variable, ranging from light brown, olive-green, or yellowish to dark brown, often mottled or marbled. The most distinguishing feature is the presence of numerous small, round, bright white to pale blue spots scattered over the entire body, including the fins. Some individuals may display darker blotches or saddles. The caudal fin is typically darker, often with a pale margin.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Two prominent dorsal spines, the first of which is large and erectile, locking into place with the second smaller spine., Small, puckered mouth with strong teeth., Rough, sandpaper-like skin due to small, ctenoid scales., Pelvic fin reduced to a single spine, often with a dewlap of skin.

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first with 2 spines (I, I), the second with 33-36 soft rays. The first spine is robust and can be locked upright.

Tail fin

Rounded to slightly truncate caudal fin with 12 soft rays.

Pectoral fin

Small, rounded pectoral fins with 13-14 rays.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin with 29-32 soft rays, similar in shape to the second dorsal fin. Pelvic fin reduced to a single, short, rough spine.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Body Coloration and Spots

   Look for the characteristic white or pale blue spots covering the entire body, which are usually distinct against the variable background color.

2. 2

   Dorsal Spines

   Observe the prominent first dorsal spine, which can be locked upright, a hallmark of filefish.

3. 3

   Body Shape

   Note the compressed, deep body shape, typical of filefish, giving them a somewhat kite-like appearance when viewed head-on.

4. 4

   Mouth

   The small, terminal mouth with strong teeth is indicative of its feeding habits.

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