How to Identify Alligator Gar

To identify Alligator Gar (Atractosteus spatula), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

torpedo

Coloration

Olive green to brown on the dorsal surface, fading to a lighter, often white or yellowish, ventral surface. Dark spots are typically present on the body and fins, especially in younger individuals.

Scale type

ganoid

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Long, broad, alligator-like snout with two rows of large, sharp teeth in the upper jaw., Heavy, interlocking ganoid scales that form a protective armor., Dorsal and anal fins positioned far back on the body, close to the caudal fin., Heterocercal caudal fin (upper lobe longer than lower lobe).

Dorsal fin

Single dorsal fin, located far posterior on the body, typically with 6-8 rays.

Tail fin

Abbreviated heterocercal caudal fin, rounded or slightly emarginate.

Pectoral fin

Paired pectoral fins, relatively small, located low on the body.

Distinctive fins

Anal fin also located far posterior, directly below the dorsal fin, typically with 7-9 rays. Pelvic fins are abdominal.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Snout Shape

   The most distinguishing feature is its broad, short, alligator-like snout, which is much wider and shorter than other gar species. It is approximately 2/3 as long as the rest of the head.

2. 2

   Teeth

   Possesses two distinct rows of large, sharp teeth on each side of the upper jaw, a characteristic unique among gars.

3. 3

   Size

   Significantly larger than other gar species, often exceeding 1.5 meters (5 feet) in length and 45 kg (100 lbs) in weight.

4. 4

   Scales

   Heavy, diamond-shaped ganoid scales are present, forming a protective armor.

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