How to Identify Red Sea hardyhead

To identify Red Sea hardyhead (Atherinomorus forskalii), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

elongated

Coloration

Overall silvery, with a distinct, broad, silvery-white lateral stripe running from the operculum to the caudal fin base. The dorsal surface is typically greenish-grey to olive, fading to white on the ventral side. Fins are generally hyaline (clear) or slightly dusky.

Scale type

cycloid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Prominent silvery lateral stripe, Two widely separated dorsal fins, Small, terminal mouth, Large eyes

Dorsal fin

Two dorsal fins; the first dorsal fin has 5-8 flexible spines, and the second dorsal fin has 1 spine and 8-10 soft rays. The two fins are widely separated.

Tail fin

Forked caudal fin.

Pectoral fin

Pectoral fins are relatively short, typically with 13-16 rays.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are small and abdominal, located well behind the pectoral fin base.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Lateral Stripe

   Look for the very distinct, broad, silvery-white stripe running along the flanks. This is a key identifier for Atherinomorus species.

2. 2

   Dorsal Fins

   Note the two widely separated dorsal fins. The first is spiny, and the second is soft-rayed.

3. 3

   Body Shape

   Its slender, elongated body is characteristic of hardyheads/silversides.

4. 4

   Size

   Adults typically reach a maximum length of about 15 cm, making them relatively small fish.

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