How to Identify Opal Apistogramma

To identify Opal Apistogramma (Apistogramma borelli), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

compressed

Coloration

Males are significantly more colorful than females, especially during breeding. The 'Opal' morph exhibits iridescent blue, green, and yellow scales, particularly on the flanks, operculum, and fins. The dorsal fin often has a red or orange margin. Females are typically duller, yellowish-brown, with a prominent lateral stripe and sometimes a black spot on the caudal peduncle. Both sexes can display a dark lateral stripe and vertical barring depending on mood and stress levels.

Scale type

ctenoid

Mouth position

terminal

Distinctive features

Sexual dimorphism (males larger and more colorful), Iridescent blue/green/yellow coloration in males (especially 'Opal' morph), Rounded caudal fin, Pointed dorsal and anal fins in males

Dorsal fin

Long, extending almost the entire length of the back, with soft rays and some spines. Males often have elongated rays.

Tail fin

Rounded to spatulate.

Pectoral fin

Small and clear.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are often elongated and can be tipped with color, especially in males.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Size and Shape

   Males reach up to 7 cm (2.8 inches) total length, females are smaller, around 5 cm (2 inches). Body is laterally compressed, typical of Apistogramma species.

2. 2

   Coloration (Males)

   Look for the vibrant iridescent blue, green, and yellow hues, especially on the body and fins. The dorsal fin often has a distinct red or orange edge. The 'Opal' morph accentuates these colors.

3. 3

   Coloration (Females)

   Females are generally yellowish-brown, often displaying a prominent black lateral stripe and sometimes a black spot on the caudal peduncle. During breeding, they turn a more intense yellow.

4. 4

   Fin Shape

   Males have more pointed dorsal and anal fins, and often elongated pelvic fins. The caudal fin is typically rounded.

5. 5

   Behavior

   Observe their behavior; they are generally peaceful but males can be territorial, especially during breeding. They are often seen sifting through substrate.

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