How to Identify Longlure Frogfish

To identify Longlure Frogfish (Antennarius multiocellatus), look at these key features.

Physical Characteristics

Body shape

rounded

Coloration

Highly variable, ranging from white, yellow, orange, red, brown, to black, often mottled or spotted to mimic sponges or algae. Frequently displays ocelli (eye-like spots) on the body, particularly on the dorsal fin or flanks, which can be ringed with contrasting colors.

Scale type

none

Mouth position

superior

Distinctive features

Globular, compressed body, Large, upward-pointing mouth, Highly modified first dorsal spine (illicium) acting as a 'fishing rod', Fleshy lure (esca) at the tip of the illicium, mimicking a small invertebrate or fish, Pectoral fins modified into arm-like appendages for 'walking' on the substrate, Skin covered in dermal spinules or wart-like protuberances, lacking scales

Dorsal fin

Three separate dorsal spines; the first is the illicium with an esca, the second and third are free and fleshy, followed by a soft-rayed dorsal fin. The soft dorsal fin is typically rounded and confluent with the caudal fin.

Tail fin

Rounded caudal fin, often indistinct from the soft dorsal and anal fins.

Pectoral fin

Large, limb-like, and highly mobile, used for propulsion and 'walking' along the bottom.

Distinctive fins

Pelvic fins are jugular (located anterior to the pectoral fins) and small.

Identification Tips

1. 1

   Illicium and Esca

   The 'fishing rod' (illicium) is notably long, often exceeding the length of the second dorsal spine. The 'lure' (esca) is typically a complex, tufted, or worm-like appendage, highly variable in appearance, mimicking potential prey.

2. 2

   Body Coloration and Pattern

   Look for highly variable coloration and patterns, often with prominent ocelli (eye-spots) on the body or fins. The ability to change color rapidly to match surroundings is a key characteristic.

3. 3

   Pectoral Fins

   Observe the large, limb-like pectoral fins used for 'walking' rather than swimming, a hallmark of frogfishes.

4. 4

   Skin Texture

   The skin is typically covered in dermal spinules or wart-like protuberances, giving it a rough, textured appearance, aiding in camouflage.

Explore Longlure Frogfish