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Diplodus vulgaris, commonly known as the Brandbrasse or Common Two-banded Sea Bream, is a species of marine ray-finned fish belonging to the family Sparidae. It is a demersal fish, typically found in coastal waters over rocky or sandy bottoms, and is well-known for its distinctive two black bands on its body. This species is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals mature as females and later transition to males, although some individuals may mature directly as males (gonochorism). It is a popular target for both commercial and recreational fisheries in its range.
Fysiske karakteristika
- Kropsform
- compressed
- Farvetegning
- Silvery-grey body, often with a yellowish tint on the flanks. The most distinguishing feature is the presence of two prominent, broad black vertical bands: one just behind the head, passing through the operculum, and another on the caudal peduncle, just before the caudal fin. Fins are generally translucent or slightly dusky.
- Skæltype
- ctenoid
- Mundens placering
- terminal
- Kendetegn
- Two prominent black vertical bands: one behind the head and one on the caudal peduncle., Small, protractile mouth with incisor-like teeth at the front and molar-like teeth at the sides., Relatively large eyes.
- Rygfinne
- Single dorsal fin with 11-12 spines and 13-16 soft rays.
- Halefinne
- Forked caudal fin.
- Brystfinne
- Long and pointed pectoral fins.
- Karakteristiske finner
- Anal fin with 3 spines and 12-14 soft rays. Pelvic fins are thoracic.
Identifikationstips
Black Bands
The presence of two distinct, broad black vertical bands is the most reliable identification feature. One is located behind the head, and the other on the caudal peduncle.
Body Shape and Color
A silvery-grey, compressed body with a slightly yellowish hue on the flanks. The overall body shape is typical of sea breams.
Mouth and Teeth
Observe the small, slightly protractile mouth with incisor-like teeth at the front, used for scraping, and molar-like teeth on the sides, used for crushing shells.
Habitat
- Vandtype
- saltwater
- Dybde
- Typically found from the surface down to about 100 meters, most commonly between 0-50 meters.
- Miljø
- Prefers coastal waters, including rocky reefs, seagrass beds (Posidonia oceanica), sandy bottoms, and sometimes estuaries. Juveniles often inhabit shallower, more sheltered areas.
- Geografisk udbredelse
- Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from the Bay of Biscay south to Senegal, including the Canary Islands and Cape Verde. Also widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean Sea and the Black Sea.
Akvarieoplysninger
- Plejeniveau: advanced
- Temperament: semi-aggressive
- Kost: omnivore
- Minimum akvariestørrelse: 500 liters
- Temperatur: 18-24°C
- pH-niveau: 8.1-8.4
- Hårdhed: 8-12 dKH
- Kompatibilitet: Can be kept with other robust, similarly sized marine fish. Avoid keeping with very small or timid species. May show aggression towards conspecifics if not given enough space or if introduced simultaneously.
- Særlige krav: Requires a well-established marine aquarium with plenty of rockwork for hiding and grazing. A varied diet including meaty foods, algae, and high-quality pellets is essential. Good filtration and stable water parameters are crucial for its health.
Information om vilde bestande
- Bevaringsstatus: least concern
- Sæson: Available year-round, but peak fishing seasons may vary regionally, often more abundant in warmer months.
- Markedspris: Moderate to high, depending on region and size.
- Kommerciel betydning: medium
- Smag: Mild, delicate, and slightly sweet.
- Konsistens: Firm, white, and flaky.
- Tilberedningsmetoder: Grilled, Baked, Fried, Steamed, Pan-seared
- Næringsværdi: Good source of lean protein, omega-3 fatty acids, and various vitamins and minerals.
Nøglefakta
Hermaphroditismbehavior
Diplodus vulgaris is a protogynous hermaphrodite, meaning individuals typically mature as females and later transition to males. However, some individuals can mature directly as males (gonochorism).
Dietary Flexibilitybehavior
This species is an opportunistic omnivore, feeding on a wide range of benthic invertebrates such as crustaceans, mollusks, and worms, as well as algae and detritus. This dietary flexibility allows it to thrive in various coastal habitats.
Habitat Preferencebehavior
Juveniles often form schools in very shallow, sheltered areas like seagrass beds, providing protection from predators, while adults tend to be more solitary or form smaller groups in deeper rocky or sandy areas.
Distinctive Markingsinteresting
The two prominent black bands are a key identification feature, making it relatively easy to distinguish from other sea bream species in its range.
Sikkerhedsoplysninger
Sikker- Sikkerhedsniveau: safe
- Giftig: Nej
- Spiselighed: edible
- Håndteringsnoter: Generally safe to handle. Care should be taken with the dorsal and anal fin spines, as they can be sharp and cause minor punctures. No venom is associated with these spines.
Lignende arter
Saddled Sea Bream
Oblada melanura
Oblada melanura has only one prominent black spot at the base of the caudal fin, not two distinct vertical bands across the body. Its body is also more elongated than Diplodus vulgaris.
Annular Sea Bream
Diplodus annularis
Diplodus annularis has a single, well-defined black band on the caudal peduncle, but lacks the black band behind the head. It also typically has a more yellowish coloration on its fins.
White Sea Bream
Diplodus sargus
Diplodus sargus has several faint vertical dark bands along its flanks, which are much less distinct than the two prominent bands of D. vulgaris. It also has a black spot on the caudal peduncle, but it's usually less defined than the band in D. vulgaris.
Videnskabelig klassifikation
- Rige
- Animalia
- Række
- Chordata
- Klasse
- Actinopterygii
- Orden
- Spariformes
- Familie
- Sparidae
- Slægt
- Diplodus
- Art
- vulgaris
Udforsk Brandbrasse
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